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HomeWeb Front-endCSS TutorialCSS Tips Sharing: Pure CSS to Implement Table Responsive Layout

如何利用纯CSS实现表格响应式布局?下面本篇文章就来给大家分享超 Nice 的表格响应式布局小技巧,希望对大家有所帮助!

CSS Tips Sharing: Pure CSS to Implement Table Responsive Layout

今天,遇到了一个很有意思的问题,一名群友问我,仅仅使用 CSS,能否实现这样一种响应式的布局效果:

简单解析一下效果:

  • 在屏幕视口较为宽时,表现为一个整体 Table 的样式

  • 而当屏幕视口宽度较小时,原 Table 的每一行数据单独拆分为一个 Table 进行展示

很有意思的一个响应式布局,让信息在小屏幕下得到了一种不错的展示。

那么,仅仅使用 CSS 的话,能否实现这样一个布局呢?答案是可以的。【推荐学习:css视频教程

首先,肯定会用到媒体查询,这个不难看出。另外,我们观察下拆分后的每一组数据:

都会存在一组原本整体一个 Table 时的表头信息,主要的难点就是在这里,我们如何在拆分成一个一个的子 Table 展示时,同时展示这些表头信息?

基本结构的实现

首先,我们先实现常规宽屏下的 HTML 及对应的 CSS。

比较简单,这里没有什么特殊之处,使用 <table> 标签或者使用 div、ul 等标签进行模拟一个表格都可以。<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"></pre> <table>   <caption>Lorem ipsum !</caption>   <thead>     <tr>       <th>Account</th>       <th>Due Date</th>       <th>Amount</th>       <th>Period</th>     </tr>   </thead>   <tbody>     <tr>       <td>Visa - 3412</td>       <td>04/01/2016</td>       <td>$1,190</td>       <td>03/01/2016 - 03/31/2016</td>     </tr>     // ... 重复多组   </tbody> </table> <p>得到这样一个简单的 Table:</p> <p><img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/024/cc35c8abe4f601f6e51378f694df082b-2.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,p_40" class="lazy" alt="" loading="lazy"></p> <h2 id="strong-使用媒体查询将单个-Table-拆分成多个-strong"><strong>使用媒体查询将单个 Table 拆分成多个</strong></h2> <p>下一步也很简单,设定合适的阈值(视实际业务情况而定),使用媒体查询将单个 Table 拆分成多个子 Table。</p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {   table {     border: 0;   }     table thead {     display: none;   }   table tr {     display: block;     margin-bottom: 10px;   }   table td {     border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;     display: block;   } }</pre> <p>这里做的事情也非常简单:</p> <ul style="list-style-type: disc;"> <li><p>利用媒体查询,设定屏幕宽度小于 <code>600px 的样式

  • 去掉原本表格的 <thead> 表头,直接隐藏即可<li><p>将原本的一行 <code><tr>,设置为 <code>display: block, 并且设置一个下边距,使之每一个分开

  • 将原本的一行内的 <td>,设置为 <code>display: block,这样,它们就会竖向排列,使每一个 <tr> 形成新的一个子 table<p>好,这样,再屏幕宽度小于 <code>600px 时,我们就得到了这样一个 Table:

    借助伪元素及其特性,实现表头信息展示

    下面一步,也就是最为关键的一步,我们如何在子 table 的每一行,也就是 <td> 内,再展示原本的表头信息呢?<p>这里其实也非常简单,只是简单的运用了伪元素,极其可以读取 HTML 标签属性的小特性实现。</p> <p>我们只需要简单改造一下代码,给每个 <code><td> 的 HTML,带上与之对应的表头列描述信息:<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"></pre> <table>   // 上方信息保持一致   <tbody>     <tr>       <td>Visa - 3412</td>       <td>04/01/2016</td>       <td>$1,190</td>       <td>03/01/2016 - 03/31/2016</td>     </tr>     <tr>       <td>Visa - 6076</td>       <td>03/01/2016</td>       <td>$2,443</td>       <td>02/01/2016 - 02/29/2016</td>     </tr>     // ... 每个 tr 进行同样的处理   </tbody> </table> <p>接着,借助 td 的伪元素,实现表头信息的展示即可:</p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {   // ... 保持一致   table td {     position: relative;     display: block;     text-align: right;   }   table td::before {     position: absolute;     left: 10px;     right: 0;     content: attr(data-label);   } }</pre> <p>这里,我们核心的知识点就是利用了元素的伪元素可以在 <code>content 属性里,读取其 HTML 元素内的属性内容,并进行展示的知识点。

    • 假设一个 HTML 标签定义为: <div data-msg="ABC"> <li><p>那么该 div 对应的伪类如果设置了 <code>content: attr(data-msg) ,就可以读取到 data-msg 的值,相当于 content:"ABC"

    • 这样,我们在小屏幕下,就得到了这样一种效果:

      完整的效果,即如题图所示:

      For the complete DEMO, you can click here: CodePen Demo -- Simple Responsive Table in CSS

      Original address: https://www .cnblogs.com/coco1s/p/16422777.html

      Author: ChokCoco

      (Learning video sharing: web front-end)

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