Is Ethernet a wired or wireless network?

Ethernet is a wired network technology; the technical standards of Ethernet stipulate the content including physical layer wiring, electronic signals and media access layer protocols, which can be divided into classic Ethernet and switched Ethernet. There are two types of networks, switched Ethernet is presented in the form of Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet respectively.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 10 system, DELL G3 computer.

Is Ethernet a wired network or a wireless network

Ethernet is a wired network technology

Every version of Ethernet has cables The maximum length limit (that is, the length without amplification), signals within this range can be propagated normally, and signals beyond this range will not be propagated.

Ethernet is a computer local area network technology. The IEEE 802.3 standard of the IEEE organization formulates the technical standard of Ethernet, which specifies the content including physical layer wiring, electronic signals and media access layer protocols. Ethernet is the most commonly used LAN technology, replacing other LAN technologies such as Token Ring, FDDI and ARCNET.

Brief introduction

Ethernet is the most common computer network in the real world. There are two types of Ethernet: the first is classic Ethernet, and the second is switched Ethernet, which uses a device called a switch to connect different computers. Classic Ethernet is the original form of Ethernet, operating at speeds ranging from 3 to 10 Mbps; Switched Ethernet is a widely used Ethernet that can run at high rates of 100, 1000 and 10000 Mbps, respectively, with Fast Ethernet Network, Gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet. [1]

The standard topology of Ethernet is a bus topology, but Fast Ethernet (100BASE-T, 1000BASE-T standards), in order to reduce conflicts and maximize the network speed and usage efficiency, Use switches for network connectivity and organization. As a result, the topology of Ethernet becomes a star; but logically, Ethernet still uses bus topology and CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection). bus technology.

Ethernet realizes the idea of multiple nodes of a radio system on the network sending information. Each node must obtain a cable or channel to transmit information, sometimes also called Ether. (The name comes from the electromagnetic radiation medium hypothesized by 19th-century physicists - optical ether. Later research proved that optical ether does not exist.) Each node has a globally unique 48-bit address, which is the MAC address assigned to the network card by the manufacturer. , to ensure that all nodes on the Ethernet can identify each other. Because Ethernet is so common, many manufacturers integrate Ethernet cards directly into computer motherboards.

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Classification and development of Ethernet

• Standard Ethernet

At first, Ethernet had only a throughput of 10Mbps and used Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) with collision detection. ) access control method, this early 10Mbps Ethernet is called standard Ethernet. Ethernet can be connected using a variety of transmission media such as thick coaxial cables, thin coaxial cables, unshielded twisted pairs, shielded twisted pairs, and optical fibers. In the IEEE 802.3 standard, different specifications are formulated for different transmission media. Physical layer standards. In these standards, the first number indicates the transmission speed, the unit is "Mbps", the last number indicates the length of a single network cable (the reference unit is 100m), Base means "baseband", and Broad means "broadband" .

• Fast Ethernet

Before October 1993, for LAN applications requiring data traffic of 10Mbps or above, Only Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) is available, but it is a very expensive LAN based on 100Mpbs optical cable. In October 1993, Grand Junction Company launched the world's first Fast Ethernet hub Fastch10/100 and network interface card FastNIC100, marking the official application of Fast Ethernet technology. At the same time, the IEEE802 engineering group has also conducted research on various standards for 100Mbps Ethernet, such as 100BASE-TX, 100BASE-T4, MII, repeaters, full-duplex and other standards. In March 1995, IEEE announced the IEEE802.3u 100BASE-T Fast Ethernet standard (Fast Ethernet), thus beginning the era of Fast Ethernet. Fast Ethernet has many advantages compared with the original FDDI that works at 100Mbps bandwidth. The most important thing is that Fast Ethernet technology can effectively protect users’ investment in cabling infrastructure. It supports Category 3, 4, and 5 dual The connection of twisted wires and optical fibers can effectively utilize existing facilities. The shortcomings of Fast Ethernet are actually shortcomings of Ethernet technology. That is, Fast Ethernet is still based on CSMA/CD technology. When the network load is heavy, it will cause a decrease in efficiency. Of course, this can be compensated for by using switching technology. The 100Mbps Fast Ethernet standard is divided into three subcategories: 100BASE-TX, 100BASE-FX, and 100BASE-T4.

• Gigabit Ethernet
  

##Gigabit Ethernet technology, as the latest high-speed Ethernet technology, brings users Here comes an effective solution to improve the core network. The biggest advantage of this solution is that it inherits the cheap price of traditional Ethernet technology. Gigabit technology is still Ethernet technology. It uses the same frame format, frame structure, network protocol, full/half-duplex working mode, flow control mode and cabling system as 10M Ethernet. Since this technology does not change the desktop applications and operating systems of traditional Ethernet, it can work well with 10M or 100M Ethernet. Upgrading to Gigabit Ethernet does not require changes to network applications, network management components and network operating systems, maximizing investment protection. In addition, the IEEE standard will support multimode fiber for a maximum distance of 550 meters, single-mode fiber for a maximum distance of 70 kilometers, and copper axis cable for a maximum distance of 100 meters. Gigabit Ethernet fills the gap of the 802.3 Ethernet/Fast Ethernet standard.

• 10 Gigabit Ethernet
  

The 10 Gigabit Ethernet specifications are included in the supplementary standards of the IEEE 802.3 standard In IEEE 802.3ae, it extends the IEEE 802.3 protocol and MAC specification to support a transmission rate of 10Gb/s. In addition, through the WAN interface sublayer (WIS: WAN interface sublayer), 10 Gigabit Ethernet can also be adjusted to a lower transmission rate, such as 9.584640 Gb/s (OC-192), which allows 10 Gigabit Ethernet devices are compatible with the Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) STS-192c transport format. 10GBASE-SR and 10GBASE-SW mainly support shortwave (850 nm) multimode fiber (MMF), and the fiber distance is 2m to 300m.

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