The path selection function is completed in the network layer of the osi model; the osi model is an open system interconnection communication reference model, a standard framework that attempts to interconnect various computers into networks around the world, in which the network The layer determines the routing and forwarding of data, adding network headers to data packets to form groupings.
The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 10 system, DELL G3 computer.
The path selection function is at the network layer of the osi model.
osi model is Open System Interconnection Reference Model,
Open System Interconnection Reference Model (English: Open System Interconnection Reference Model, abbreviated as OSI), referred to as OSI model (OSI model), a conceptual model, composed of The International Organization for Standardization proposes a standard framework that attempts to interconnect various computers into networks around the world. Defined in ISO/IEC 7498-1.
The OSI/RM protocol was developed by ISO (International Organization for Standardization). It has three basic functions: providing developers with a necessary, common concept for development and improvement, and can be used to explain the connection of different systems. s frame. [1]
OSI divides the computer network architecture (architecture) into the following seven layers:
Physical layer: Converts data into electrons that can be transmitted through physical media Signals are the equivalent of porters in the post office.
Data link layer: Determines how to access the network medium.
In this layer, the data is framed and flow control is handled. This layer specifies the topology and provides hardware addressing, which is equivalent to the packing and unpacking workers in the post office.
Network layer: Rights-of-use data routing through large networks, equivalent to sorting workers in the post office.
Transport layer: Provides reliable end-to-end connections, equivalent to the letter delivery clerk running the post office in the company.
Session layer: Allows users to establish connections using simple and easy-to-remember names, which is equivalent to the secretary in the company who sends letters, writes envelopes, and opens envelopes.
Presentation layer: negotiates the data exchange format. It is equivalent to the assistant who briefs the boss and writes letters for the boss in the company.
Application layer: The interface between the user's application and the network.
The Network Layer determines the path selection and forwarding of data, and adds the network header (NH) to the data packet to form a group. The network header contains network data. For example: Internet Protocol (IP), etc.
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Layer 7 Application layer
Application layer Layer) provides an interface for application software to set up communication with another application software. For example: HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, TELNET, SSH, SMTP, POP3, etc.
Layer 6 Presentation Layer
The presentation layer converts data into a format that is compatible with the recipient's system format and suitable for transmission.
Layer 5 Session Layer
The Session Layer is responsible for setting up and maintaining the communication connection between two computers in the computer network during data transmission.
Layer 4 Transport Layer
The Transport Layer adds a transport header (TH) to the data to form a data packet. The transmission header contains sending information such as the protocol used. For example: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), etc.
Layer 3 Network Layer
The Network Layer determines the path selection and forwarding of data, and adds the network header (NH) to the data packet. to form groups. The network header contains network data. For example: Internet Protocol (IP), etc.
Layer 2 Data Link Layer
The Data Link Layer is responsible for network addressing, error detection and error correction. Frames are formed when headers and trailers are added to the packet. The data link header (DLH) contains the physical address and error detection and correction methods. The Data Linked List (DLT) is a string indicating the end of the packet. Examples include Ethernet, Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi), and General Packet Radio Service (GPRS).
It is divided into two sub-layers: logical link control (LLC) sub-layer and media access control (MAC) sub-layer.
Layer 1 Physical Layer
The Physical Layer transmits data frames on a local area network. It is responsible for managing computer communication equipment and network media. communication between them. Includes pinouts, voltages, cable specifications, hubs, repeaters, network cards, host adapters, and more.
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