The main components that make up the CPU are: 1. Calculator, a component that performs various arithmetic and logical operations; 2. Controller, a component that directs the various components of the computer to coordinate their work according to the functional requirements of the instructions; 3. , Register group, an important data storage resource inside the CPU, is one of the hardware resources that assembly programmers can directly use.
The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 10 system, DELL G3 computer.
The main components that make up a cpu are arithmetic units, controllers, and register groups
Central processing unit, referred to as CPU is the final execution unit for information processing and program execution. Its function is mainly to interpret computer instructions and process data in computer software. Its performance is mainly reflected in the speed at which it runs programs.
Below we introduce each component in detail.
#1. Operator: The operator is a component in the computer that performs various arithmetic and logical operations. Its basic function is to complete the processing of various data. For example, the four arithmetic operations of arithmetic, logical operations such as AND, OR, and negation, arithmetic and logical shift operations, comparison of numerical values, etc.
2. Controller: The controller is a component that directs the various components of the computer to work in coordination according to the functional requirements of the instructions. Its function is to generate various operation control signals based on the instruction operation codes and timing signals to ensure correct operation. Establish a data path to complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.
3. Register group: Register is an important data storage resource inside the CPU. It is one of the hardware resources that assembly programmers can directly use. It is generally used to save the intermediate results of the program and provide them quickly for subsequent instructions. Operands, thereby avoiding the operation of storing the intermediate results in the memory and then reading the memory.
Cpu working principle:
1. Instruction fetching: The CPU controller reads an instruction from the memory and puts it into the instruction Register;
2. Instruction decoding: The instruction in the instruction register is decoded to determine what operation the instruction should perform and where the operands are;
3. Execute the instruction: with a certain The format simply writes back the results of the execution phase. The operation results are often written into the temporary register inside the CPU for quick access by subsequent instructions;
4. Modify instructions: Modify the instruction counter to determine the address of the next instruction.
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