The database system consists of 4 parts: 1. Database refers to a collection of organized and shareable data stored in the computer for a long time; 2. Hardware refers to various physical components that make up the computer system. Equipment, including external equipment required for storage; 3. Software, including operating systems, database management systems and applications; 4. Personnel, including system analysts, database designers, and application programmers (responsible for writing applications that use the database) , end users (using interfaces or query languages to access the database), database administrators (responsible for the overall information control of the database).
The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.
Database System is a system composed of database and its management software.
The database system is an ideal data processing system developed to meet the needs of data processing. It is also a software system that provides data for actual operable storage, maintenance and application systems. It is a storage medium. , a collection of processing objects and management systems.
Database systems generally consist of 4 parts:
1. Database (DB) refers to long-term storage in the computer, organized and shareable Collection of data. The data in the database is organized, described and stored according to a certain mathematical model. It has small redundancy, high data independence and easy scalability, and can be shared by various users.
2. Hardware: Various physical devices that make up a computer system, including external devices required for storage. The hardware configuration should meet the needs of the entire database system.
3. Software: including operating system, database management system and applications.
Database management system (DBMS) is the core software of the database system. It works with the support of the operating system and solves how to organize and store data scientifically and how to obtain and maintain data efficiently. . Its main functions include: data definition function, data manipulation function, database operation management and database establishment and maintenance.
4. Personnel: There are mainly 4 categories.
The first category is system analysts and database designers: System analysts are responsible for the demand analysis and specification of the application system. They work with users and database administrators to determine the system's hardware configuration. , and participate in the outline design of the database system. Database designers are responsible for the determination of data in the database and the design of database schemas at all levels.
The second category is application programmers, who are responsible for writing applications that use databases. These applications can retrieve, create, delete or modify data.
The third category is end users, who use the system's interface or query language to access the database.
The fourth category is the database administrator (data base administrator, DBA), who is responsible for the overall information control of the database.
The specific responsibilities of the DBA include: specifying the information content and structure in the database, determining the storage structure and access strategy of the database, defining the security requirements and integrity constraints of the database, monitoring the use and operation of the database, Responsible for database performance improvement, database reorganization and reconstruction to improve system performance.
The basic requirements for the database system are:
① The independence of the data can be guaranteed. The independence of data and programs helps speed up software development and save development costs.
②Less redundant data and high degree of data sharing.
③The user interface of the system is simple, easy for users to master and easy to use.
④ It can ensure that the system operates reliably and can quickly eliminate failures when they occur; it can protect data from being accessed or destroyed by non-authorized persons; it can prevent the generation of erroneous data, and it can be detected in a timely manner once it occurs. Discover.
⑤Have the ability to reorganize data and change the data storage structure or data storage location to adapt to changes in user operating characteristics and improve data organization caused by frequent insertion and deletion operations The situation of chaos and deterioration of spatio-temporal performance.
⑥ It is modifiable and expandable.
⑦ Can fully describe the internal relationship between data.
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