Wireless sensor network is a distributed sensor network; wireless sensor network is a network form that uses wireless communication technology to organize and combine tens of thousands of sensor nodes in a free way. Therefore, The network settings are flexible, the location of the device can be changed at any time, and it can also be connected to the Internet in a wired or wireless manner, forming a multi-hop self-organizing network through wireless communication.
The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 10 system, Dell G3 computer.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is a distributed sensor network whose terminals are sensors that can sense and inspect the external world. Sensors in WSN communicate wirelessly, so the network settings are flexible, the device location can be changed at any time, and wired or wireless connections can be made to the Internet. A multi-hop self-organizing network formed through wireless communication.
Basic information
Wireless sensor network is a technology that uses wireless communication technology to organize and combine tens of thousands of sensor nodes in a free way to form network form.
The units that constitute the sensor node are: data acquisition unit, data transmission unit, data processing unit and energy supply unit.
The data acquisition unit usually collects and converts information in the monitoring area, such as light intensity, atmospheric pressure and humidity, etc.; the data transmission unit mainly uses wireless communication and exchange of information, as well as sending and receiving those collected. The data information is mainly based on the data; the data processing unit usually handles the routing protocols and management tasks of all nodes, as well as positioning devices, etc.; the energy supply unit will choose the form of a micro battery in order to reduce the area occupied by the sensor node.
Nodes in wireless sensor networks are divided into two types, one is the convergence node and the other is the sensor node.
The aggregation node mainly refers to the gateway's ability to remove erroneous report data from the sensor nodes, and combine the data with relevant reports to determine the events that occurred.
The convergence node can communicate directly with the user node through a wide area network or satellite, and process the collected data.
Compared with traditional networks and other sensors, wireless sensor networks have the following characteristics:
(1) Free formation method. The establishment of wireless network sensors is not restricted by any external conditions. The organizer can quickly establish a fully functional wireless network sensor network at any time and anywhere. After the establishment is successful, the maintenance and management work is completely carried out within the network. .
(2) Uncertainty of network topology. From the perspective of the network level, the network topology of wireless sensors is constantly changing. For example, the sensor nodes that make up the network topology can be added or reduced at any time, and the network topology diagram can be separated or merged at any time.
(3) The control method is not centralized. Although the wireless sensor network centrally controls the base stations and sensor nodes, the control method between each sensor node is still decentralized. The routing and host functions are implemented by the terminals of the network. Each host operates independently without interfering with each other. Therefore, wireless Sensor networks are very strong and difficult to breach.
(4) The security is not high. Wireless sensor networks use wireless methods to transmit information, so sensor nodes are easily invaded by the outside world during the process of transmitting information, resulting in information leakage and damage to the wireless sensor network. Most of the nodes in wireless sensor networks are exposed. This The security of wireless sensor networks is greatly reduced.
Structure:
Wireless sensor network is mainly composed of three parts, including nodes, sensor network and users. Among them, nodes generally cover a certain range in a certain way, and the entire range can meet the monitoring scope according to certain requirements; the sensor network is the most important part, which collects all node information through fixed channels. Then perform certain analysis and calculation on these node information, summarize the analyzed results to a base station, and finally transmit them to the designated user end through satellite communication, thereby realizing the requirements of wireless sensing.
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