Solid-state drives have three categories: 1. Flash-based solid-state drives use FLASH chips as storage media. Their biggest advantage is that they can be moved, and data protection is not controlled by power supply, and they can adapt to various environments. Suitable for individual users; 2. DRAM-based solid-state drive, using DRAM as the storage medium, providing industry-standard PCI and FC interfaces for connecting to hosts or servers; 3. 3D XPoint-based solid-state drive with extremely low read latency , and has a near-infinite storage life.
The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.
Solid State Disk (Solid State Disk or Solid State Drive, referred to as SSD), also known as solid-state drive, is a hard disk made of an array of solid-state electronic storage chips.
Solid-state drives are exactly the same as ordinary hard drives in terms of interface specifications and definitions, functions and usage methods, and their product appearance and size are basically the same as ordinary hard drives (emerging U.2, M.2 and other forms The size and shape of solid-state drives are completely different from SATA mechanical hard drives).
Because the technology of solid-state drives is different from that of traditional hard drives, many emerging memory manufacturers have emerged. Manufacturers only need to purchase NAND particles, match them with appropriate control chips, and write the main controller code to create a solid-state drive.
The new generation of solid-state drives generally adopt SATA-2 interface, SATA-3 interface, SAS interface, MSATA interface, PCI-E interface, M.2 interface, CFast interface, SFF-8639 interface and NVME/AHCI protocol.
Classification of solid-state drives
Classification method:
The storage media of solid-state drives are divided into two types, one is Flash memory (FLASH chip) is used as the storage medium, and the other is DRAM as the storage medium. The latest is Intel's XPoint particle technology.
Flash-based solid-state drives:
Flash-based solid-state drives (IDEFLASH DISK, Serial ATA Flash Disk): use FLASH chips as storage media, which is usually Talking about SSD. Its appearance can be made into a variety of shapes, such as laptop hard drive, micro hard drive, memory card, USB flash drive, etc. The biggest advantage of this kind of SSD solid state drive is that it can be moved, and the data protection is not controlled by the power supply. It can adapt to various environments and is suitable for individual users. Longer lifespan varies with different flash media. SLC flash memory generally reaches tens of thousands of times of PE, MLC can reach more than 3,000 times, TLC has also reached about 1,000 times, and the latest QLC can also ensure a life of 300 times. The average user's write volume in a year does not exceed 50 times that of the hard disk. Overall size, even the cheapest QLC flash memory can provide a write life of 6 years. Reliability is very high, and high-quality home solid-state drives can easily achieve one-tenth the failure rate of ordinary home mechanical hard drives.
DRAM-based type:
DRAM-based solid state drive: uses DRAM as the storage medium and has a narrow application range. It imitates the design of a traditional hard disk, can be volume set up and managed by file system tools of most operating systems, and provides industry-standard PCI and FC interfaces for connecting to hosts or servers. Application methods can be divided into two types: SSD hard disk and SSD hard disk array. It is a high-performance memory that can theoretically be written infinitely. The only drawback is that it requires an independent power supply to protect data security. DRAM solid-state drives are relatively non-mainstream devices.
Based on 3D XPoint class
Solid state drive based on 3D XPoint: In principle, it is close to DRAM, but it is non-volatile storage. The read latency is extremely low, easily one hundredth that of existing solid-state drives, and has a near-infinite storage life. The disadvantage is that the density is lower than NAND and the cost is extremely high. It is mostly used in enthusiast-level desktop computers and data centers.
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