According to the network scale of application switches, network layer switches do not belong to the classified results. The most important purpose of a Layer 3 switch is to speed up data exchange within a large LAN, and its routing function also serves this purpose, capable of routing once and forwarding multiple times.
The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.
A three-layer switch is a switch with some router functions and works on the third layer of the OSI network standard model: the network layer. The most important purpose of a Layer 3 switch is to speed up data exchange within a large LAN, and its routing function also serves this purpose, capable of routing once and forwarding multiple times.
Regular processes such as data packet forwarding are implemented at high speed by hardware, while functions such as routing information update, routing table maintenance, route calculation, and route determination are implemented by software.
Extended information:
For the sake of security and management convenience, mainly to reduce the harm of broadcast storms, large LANs must be organized according to functions or regions and other factors. Dividing them into small LANs allows VLAN technology to be widely used in the network, and the communication between different VLANs must be forwarded through routers. As the number of mutual visits between networks continues to increase.
Simply using a router to achieve inter-network access not only has a limited number of ports, but also has a slow routing speed, which limits the scale and access speed of the network. Based on this situation, the three-layer switch came into being. The three-layer switch is designed for IP. It has simple interface types and strong layer two packet processing capabilities. It is very suitable for data routing and switching in large LANs. It can work It replaces or partially completes the functions of traditional routers at the third layer of the protocol, and at the same time has almost the speed of second layer switching, and is relatively cheaper.
In enterprise networks and teaching networks, Layer 3 switches are generally used at the core layer of the network, and Gigabit ports or 100M ports on Layer 3 switches are used to connect different subnets or VLANs. However, it should be clearly understood that the most important purpose of the emergence of three-layer switches is to speed up data exchange within large LANs. The routing functions they have are mostly developed around this purpose, so their routing functions are not as strong as professional routers of the same grade. . After all, there are still many deficiencies in security, protocol support, etc., and it cannot completely replace the router.
In the actual application process, the typical approach is: for the interconnection of various subnets in the same LAN and the routing between VLANs in the LAN, a three-layer switch is used to replace the router, and only the LAN and the public network are used. When cross-regional network access is required between the Internet, professional routers are used.
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