The data units transmitted by the network layer, data link layer and physical layer are messages, frames and bits respectively. The network layer defines the logical addresses that can identify all nodes, and also defines the routing implementation method and learning method.
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The data units transmitted by the network layer, data link layer and physical layer are messages, frames and bits respectively.
Let’s briefly introduce the network layer, data link layer and physical layer:
Network layer
This layer defines end-to-end packet transmission. It defines In addition to being able to identify the logical addresses of all nodes, it also defines the routing implementation method and learning method. In order to adapt to transmission media where the maximum transmission unit length is smaller than the packet length, the network layer also defines a segmentation method for how to decompose a packet into smaller packets. Example: IP, IPX, etc.
Data Link Layer
It defines how data is transmitted on a single link. These protocols are relevant to the various media in question. Example: ATM, FDDI, etc.
Physical layer
OSI's physical layer specifications are related to the characteristics of the transmission medium. These specifications usually refer to standards developed by other organizations. Connectors, frames, frame usage, current, encoding and light modulation are all part of various physical layer specifications. The physical layer often uses multiple specifications to define all the details. Example: Rj45, 802.3, etc.
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