The word system comes from the transliteration of the English system, that is, several parts are related and interact with each other to form a whole with certain functions. It is composed of several components that interact and depend on each other. It has An organic whole with a specific function, and this organic whole is an integral part of the larger system to which it belongs.
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The word system comes from the transliteration of the English system, that is, several parts are interconnected and interact with each other to form a whole with certain functions.
Qian Xuesen, a famous Chinese scholar, believes that a system is an organic whole with specific functions, which is composed of several interacting and interdependent components. This organic whole is also a component of the larger system to which it is subordinate. .
In the theory of digital signal processing, people call entities that can process and transform digital signals a system. Since a system that processes digital signals processes signals at a specified moment or sequence, this system is regarded as discrete time and can also be described using four methods: time-based language, tables, formulas, and waveforms.
In an abstract sense, both systems and signals can be regarded as sequences. However, the system is a mechanism for processing signals, which is different from signals. People study systems, design systems, and use systems to process signals and serve humanity. In addition to the four description methods above, other methods of describing the system include symbols, unit impulse responses, difference equations, and graphics.
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Although the word system appears frequently in social life and academic fields, different people often give it different meanings on different occasions.
For a long time, there has been no unified standard for the definition of the system concept and the description of its characteristics. Generally defined as a system, it is an organic whole (set) with specific functions, which is composed of several interconnected and mutually restricting components.
We can understand the concept of system from three aspects:
1. A system is composed of several elements (parts). These elements may be individuals, components, parts, or they may be a system (or subsystem) in itself. For example, arithmetic units, controllers, memories, and input/output devices constitute the computer hardware system, and the hardware system is a subsystem of the computer system.
2. The system has a certain structure. A system is a collection of its constituent elements that are interconnected and restrict each other. The relatively stable relationship between the various elements within the system, the organizational order, and the internal manifestation of out-of-control relationships are the structure of the system. For example, a clock is assembled in a certain way by gears, springs, hands and other parts, but a bunch of gears, springs, and hands put together randomly cannot constitute a clock; the human body is composed of various organs, and individual organs are simple Putting it all together does not make him a capable person.
3. The system has certain functions, or the system must have a certain purpose. The function of the system refers to the properties, capabilities, and functions manifested in the interconnection and interaction between the system and the external environment. For example, the function of an information system is to collect, transmit, store, process, maintain and use information, assist decision-makers in making decisions, and help enterprises achieve their goals.
At the same time, we also need to understand the system from the following aspects: the system is composed of components, and the components are in motion; there are connections between components; the contribution of the sum of the main quantities of the system is greater than that of each main component The sum of quantitative contributions is often said to be 1 1> 2; the state of the system can be converted and controlled.
Systems always appear as specific systems in practical applications, such as digestive systems, biological systems, educational systems, etc. The modifiers in front of them describe the material characteristics of the research object, that is, "physical properties", and "system" "The word represents the integrity of the object in question. The study of a specific object is inseparable from the description of its physical properties and its systematic description. Systems science research studies the characteristics of all entities as overall objects, such as whole and parts, structure and function, stability and evolution, etc.
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