The fundamental goal of database technology is to solve the "sharing problem" of data. Database technology studies and solves the problem of effectively organizing and storing large amounts of data in computer information processing, reducing data storage redundancy, realizing data sharing, ensuring data security, and efficiently retrieving and processing data in database systems.
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The fundamental goal of database technology is to solve the "sharing problem" of data.
Database technology is a core technology of information systems. It is a computer-aided data management method that studies how to organize and store data, and how to obtain and process data efficiently.
Database technology is a technology that studies the basic theories and implementation methods of database structure, storage, design, management and application, and uses these theories to process, analyze and understand the data in the database. That is: Database technology is a software science that studies, manages and applies databases.
The object of database technology research and management is data, so the specific content involved in database technology mainly includes: through the unified organization and management of data, establishing corresponding databases and data warehouses according to the specified structure; using databases Management system and data mining system design a data management and data mining application system that can implement multiple functions such as adding, modifying, deleting, processing, analyzing, understanding, reporting and printing of data in the database; and use the application management system to finally Achieve data processing, analysis and understanding.
Database technology is a core technology of information systems. It is a computer-aided data management method that studies how to organize and store data, and how to obtain and process data efficiently. It is a technology that studies the basic theories and implementation methods of database structure, storage, design, management and application, and uses these theories to realize the processing, analysis and understanding of data in the database. That is: Database technology is a software science that studies, manages and applies databases.
Database technology is an important part of modern information science and technology and the core of computer data processing and information management systems. Database technology studies and solves the problem of effectively organizing and storing large amounts of data in computer information processing, reducing data storage redundancy, realizing data sharing, ensuring data security, and efficiently retrieving and processing data in database systems.
Three Development Stages of Data Management Technology
Data management technology is a technology that classifies, organizes, codes, inputs, stores, retrieves, maintains and outputs data. The development of data management technology has roughly gone through the following three stages: manual management stage; file system stage; database system stage.
Manual management stage
20th century 50s Before the 1990s, computers were mainly used for numerical calculations. From the hardware point of view at that time, external storage only had paper tapes, cards, and magnetic tapes, and there were no direct access devices; from the software point of view (in fact, the overall concept of software had not yet been formed at that time), there was no Operating system and software that manages data; from the data perspective, the amount of data is small, the data has no structure, and is managed directly by users. There is also a lack of logical organization among the data. The data relies on specific applications and lacks independence.
File system stage
From the late 1950s to the mid-1960s, data storage devices such as drums and disks appeared. New data processing systems developed rapidly. This data processing system was The data in the computer is organized into independent data files. The system can access the files according to their names, access the records in the files, and can modify, insert and delete the files. This is the file system. File The system realizes the structure within the record, that is, it provides the relationship between various data in the record. However, the file as a whole is unstructured. Its data is oriented to specific applications, so data sharing and independence are poor. , and the redundancy is large, and the cost of management and maintenance is also high.
Database system stage
In the late 1960s, data management technology such as databases appeared. The characteristics of the database are that the data is no longer only for a specific application, but for the entire organization. It has an overall structure, high sharing, low redundancy, a certain degree of independence between programs and data, and realizes the integration of data. The data is under unified control.
Data model
The concept and elements of the data model The data model is the abstraction of the real world in the database, and it is also The core and foundation of the database system. The data model usually includes 3 elements:
Data structure: The data structure is mainly used to describe the static characteristics of the data, including the structure of the data and the relationship between the data. .
Data operation: Data operation refers to various data access methods that can be performed in the database to query, modify, delete existing data or add new data, and includes data access-related rule.
Data integrity constraints: Data integrity constraints consist of a set of integrity rules.
Commonly used data models:
The most common data models in the field of database theory mainly include hierarchical model, network model and relational model.
Hierarchical Model. The hierarchical model uses a tree structure to represent data and the connections between data.
Network Model (Network Model). The network model uses a network structure to represent data and the connections between data.
Relational Model (Relational Model). The relational model is the most mature theory and application The most extensive data model. In the relational model, data is stored in a logical unit called a two-dimensional table, and the entire database is composed of several interrelated two-dimensional tables.
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