Computers are developing in two aspects: large-scale and miniaturized. Gigantic refers to computers with extremely high computing speed, large storage space, and more powerful and complete functions. It is mainly used in aerospace, military, meteorology, artificial intelligence, bioengineering and other disciplines. Miniaturization: The inevitable development of large-scale and ultra-large-scale integrated circuits; computer chips are becoming more and more integrated, and the functions they perform are getting stronger and stronger, making the process and popularity of computer miniaturization faster and faster.
The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.
Computer, commonly known as computer, is a modern electronic computing machine used for high-speed calculations. It can perform numerical calculations, logical calculations, and also has storage and memory functions. It is a modern intelligent electronic device that can run according to the program and process massive data automatically and at high speed.
It is composed of a hardware system and a software system. A computer without any software installed is called a bare metal computer. It can be divided into five categories: supercomputer, industrial control computer, network computer, personal computer, and embedded computer. The more advanced computers include biological computers, photon computers, quantum computers, etc.
Computer inventor John von Neumann. The computer is one of the most advanced scientific and technological inventions in the 20th century. It has had an extremely important impact on human production activities and social activities, and is developing rapidly with strong vitality. Its application fields have expanded from its initial application in military scientific research to various fields of society. It has formed a huge computer industry, driven technological progress on a global scale, and triggered profound social changes. Computers have been used in general schools and enterprises. Public institutions have entered the homes of ordinary people and become an indispensable tool in the information society.
Computer applications are becoming more and more common in China. After the reform and opening up, the number of Chinese computer users continues to rise, and the application level continues to improve. In particular, applications in the Internet, communications, multimedia and other fields have achieved good results. From 1996 to 2009, the number of computer users increased from 6.3 million to 67.1 million, and the number of networked computers increased from 29,000 to 59.4 million. Internet users have reached 316 million, and wireless Internet users have 670 million mobile users, including 117 million mobile Internet users, ranking first in the world.
From a development perspective, computers will develop in two directions: giantization and miniaturization.
1. Gigantic: refers to computers with extremely high computing speed, large storage space, and more powerful and complete functions. It is mainly used in aerospace, military, meteorology, artificial intelligence, Bioengineering and other disciplines.
2. Miniaturization: the inevitable development of large-scale and ultra-large-scale integrated circuits. Since the advent of the first microprocessor chip, the speed of development has increased day by day. The integration level of computer chips doubles every 18 months, while the price halves. This is Moore's Law of the function-price ratio of information technology development. Computer chips are becoming more and more integrated, and the functions they perform are getting stronger and stronger, making the process and popularity of computer miniaturization faster and faster.
Expand knowledge: other development directions
Networking: the product of the close integration of computer technology and communication technology. Especially since the 1990s, with the rapid development of the Internet, computer networks have been widely used in government, schools, enterprises, scientific research, families and other fields. More and more people have come into contact with and understood the concept of computer networks. Computer networks interconnect different computers with independent functions in different geographical locations through communication equipment and transmission media. With the support of communication software, computers in the network can share resources, exchange information, and work collaboratively. The development level of computer networks has become an important indicator to measure the degree of national modernization. It plays an extremely important role in social and economic development.
Intelligence: Allowing computers to simulate human intellectual activities, such as learning, perception, understanding, judgment, reasoning and other abilities. It has the ability to understand natural language, sounds, text and images, and has the ability to speak, enabling humans and machines to have direct conversations in natural language. It can use existing and continuously learned knowledge to think, associate, reason, and draw conclusions. It can solve complex problems and has the ability to gather memory and retrieve relevant knowledge.
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