What is the difference between svn and git

What is the difference between svn and git?

The difference between git and svn

GIT is not only a version control system, it is also a content management system (CMS). Work management system etc. If you are someone with a background in using SVN, you need to make some mental changes to adapt to some of the concepts and features provided by GIT.

1. GIT is distributed, SVN is not:

This is the core difference between GIT and other non-distributed version control systems, such as SVN, CVS, etc. If you can understand this concept, you're halfway there. A little disclaimer needs to be made, GIT is not the first or only distributed version control system currently. There are also some systems, such as Bitkeeper, Mercurial, etc., that also run in distributed mode. But GIT does a better job in this regard and has more powerful features.

GIT, like SVN, has its own centralized repository or server. However, GIT prefers to be used in a distributed mode, that is, each developer will clone his or her own repository on his or her own machine after checking out the code from the central repository/server. It can be said that if you are trapped in a place without Internet access, such as on an airplane, in a basement, in an elevator, etc., you can still submit files, view historical version records, create project branches, etc. To some, this may not seem to be of much use, but when you suddenly encounter an environment without network, this will solve your big trouble.

Similarly, this distributed operating mode is also a huge gift to the development of the open source software community. You no longer have to make patch packages and send them out by email as before, you only need to create A branch that sends a push request to the project team. This keeps your code up to date and not lost in transit. GitHub.com is such an excellent case.

Some rumors have spread that future versions of subversion will also be based on distributed mode. But at least it's not visible yet.

2.GIT stores content by metadata, while SVN stores content by file:

All resource control systems hide the metainformation of files in a file similar to .svn, .cvs etc. folder. If you compare the size of the .git directory with that of .svn, you will find that they are very different. Because the .git directory is a cloned version of the repository on your machine, it has everything on the central repository, such as tags, branches, version records, etc.

3. GIT branches are different from SVN branches:

Branches are nothing special in SVN, they are just another directory in the repository. If you want to know whether a branch has been merged, you need to manually run a command like svn propget svn:mergeinfo to confirm whether the code has been merged. Thanks to classmate Ben for pointing out this feature. Therefore, it often happens that some branches are missed.

However, working with GIT branches is quite simple and fun. You can quickly switch between several branches from the same working directory. You can easily find unmerged branches, and you can merge these files quickly and easily.

4.GIT does not have a global version number, but SVN has:

So far, this is the biggest feature that GIT lacks compared to SVN. You also know that the SVN version number is actually a snapshot of the source code at any corresponding time. I think it is the biggest breakthrough in the evolution from CVS to SVN. Because GIT and SVN are conceptually different, I don't know what features in GIT correspond to them. If you have any clues, please share them in the comments.

Update: Some readers pointed out that we can use GIT's SHA-1 to uniquely identify a code snapshot. This does not completely replace the easy-to-read numerical version numbers in SVN. However, the purpose should be the same.

5. The content integrity of GIT is better than SVN:

GIT’s content storage uses the SHA-1 hash algorithm. This ensures the integrity of code content and reduces disruption to the repository in the event of disk failures and network problems.

Related recommendations: "Git Tutorial"

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