The stored program and program principles of computers were proposed by von Neumann (John von Neumann, December 28, 1903 - February 8, 1957), American A Hungarian mathematician, computer scientist, and physicist, he is one of the most important mathematicians of the 20th century.
Von Neumann was one of the most important mathematicians of the twentieth century, both in pure mathematics and applied mathematics. Outstanding contribution.
His work can be roughly divided into two periods: before 1940, it was mainly pure mathematics research: he proposed a simple and clear ordinal theory in mathematical logic, and made new contributions to set theory. Axiomatic, in which sets and classes are clearly distinguished; (Recommended learning: webfront-end video tutorial)
After that, he studied the spectral theory of linear self-adjoint operators on Hilbert space, Thus laying the mathematical foundation for quantum mechanics; starting in 1930, he proved the average ergodic theorem and opened up a new field of ergodic theory;
In 1933, he used compact groups to solve Hilbert's fifth problem; in addition , he also made pioneering contributions in measure theory, lattice theory and continuous geometry; from 1936 to 1943, he collaborated with Murray to create the operator ring theory, the so-called von Neumann algebra.
After 1940, von Neumann turned to applied mathematics. If his purely mathematical achievements belong to the world of mathematics, then his work in mechanics, economics, numerical analysis and electronic computers belongs to all mankind.
At the beginning of World War II, von Neumann studied the motion of compressible gases due to the needs of the war, established shock wave theory and turbulence theory, and developed fluid mechanics; from 1942 onwards, he and Morgensch He collaborated with Tern to write the book "Game Theory and Economic Behavior", which is a classic work in game theory (also known as game theory), making him one of the founders of mathematical economics.
Von Neumann made suggestions on the design of the world's first electronic computer, ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator Computer). In March 1945, he drafted a brand new "storage system" based on joint discussions. Program general electronic computer solution"-EDVAC (abbreviation for Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer).
This had a decisive impact on the design of later computers, especially determining the structure of the computer, using stored programs and binary coding, which are still followed by electronic computer designers today.
In 1946, von Neumann began to study programming issues. He was one of the founders of modern numerical analysis-computational mathematics. He first studied linear algebra and numerical calculations of arithmetic, and later focused on non-linear algebra. Discretization and stabilization problems of linear differential equations, with error estimates given. He helped develop a number of algorithms, particularly Monte Carlo methods.
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