From a broad perspective, network programming is the sending and receiving of information, and the intermediate transmission is the function of physical lines. The main task of network programming is to assemble the information into packets through the prescribed protocol at the sending end, and to parse the packet according to the prescribed protocol at the receiving end to extract the corresponding information and achieve the purpose of communication. The most important thing in the middle is the assembly of data packets, the filtering of data packets, the capture of data packets, the analysis of data packets, and of course some processing at the end. You need these five parts: code, development tools, databases, server setup, and web page design. touch. Personally, I think php is better.
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Language types
Network programming languages mainly include PHP, ASP, NET, and JSP.
1. PHP
PHP is Hypertext Preprocessor (hypertext preprocessor). It is the most popular scripting language on the Internet today. Its syntax draws on languages such as C, Java, and PERL. But with very little programming knowledge you can use PHP to build a truly interactive Web site. It has very good compatibility with the HTML language. Users can directly add HTML tags to the script code, or add script code to the HTML tag to better achieve page control. PHP provides a standard database interface, with convenient database connection, strong compatibility, strong scalability, and object-oriented programming.
2. ASP
ASP is Active Server Pages. It is a combination of HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), Script (script) and CGI (Common Gateway Interface) developed by Microsoft. It does not provide its own specialized programming language, but allows users to use many existing scripting languages to write ASP applications. ASP programming is more convenient and flexible than HTML. It runs on the Web server, and then transmits the results to the client's browser in HTML format. The biggest shortcoming of the ASP programming language is that its security is not good enough. The biggest advantage of ASP is that it can contain HTML tags, and can also directly access databases and use infinitely expandable ActiveX controls. Therefore, programming is more convenient and more flexible than HTML. By using ASP's component and object technology, users can directly use ActiveX controls, call object methods and properties, and achieve powerful interactive functions in a simple way. However, ASP technology is not perfect. Because it is basically limited to Microsoft's operating system platform, the main working environment is Microsoft's IIS application structure, and because ActiveX objects have platform characteristics, ASP technology cannot be easily implemented. Works on a cross-platform web server.
3. JSP
JSP is Java Server Pages. It is a new technology launched by Sun Microsystem in June 1999. It is a Web development technology based on Java Servlet and the entire Java system. JSP and ASP have many technical similarities, but they originate from different technical specification organizations. As a result, ASP is generally only used on Windows NT/2000 platforms, while JSP can run on more than 85% of servers and is based on JSP technology applications are easier to maintain and manage than ASP-based applications, so they are considered by many to be the most promising dynamic website technology in the future.
4. .NET
NET is an upgraded version of ASP, also developed by Microsoft, but it is very different from ASP. NET versions are 1.1, 2.0, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0. It is the most useful language among website dynamic programming languages, but it is easy to learn but difficult to master. Starting from NET 2.0, NET divides the front-end code and background program into two file managements, which separates NET performance and logic. NET website development is similar to software development. NET websites are compiled and executed, and their efficiency is much higher than that of ASP. NET is very good in functionality, security and object-oriented, and is a very good website programming language.
Network model
Network model: Describe the structural principles and working principles of the network
OSI reference model: seven layers
Internet network model: four layers
Network protocol: Specifies the rules for data exchange on the layer.
Internet's network layer protocol: IP protocol; DNS protocol (auxiliary protocol)
Internet's transport layer protocol: TCP protocol; UDP protocol.
Sockets
Sockets: The interface between the application and [3] network protocol.
Java Sockets: The interface between Java applications and network protocols, providing definitions of several classes.
Java applications use these classes to inherit the behavior of network protocols and implement network communication.
TCP Sockets: Use TCP protocol to achieve reliable network communication.
UDP Sockets: Use UDP protocol to achieve more efficient network communication.
data pack
Data packet is an important concept in network communication programming. It is also called assembly packet. It refers to the data collection that integrates data or messages at the application layer according to certain predetermined rules. The actual operation includes packet grouping (packaging), data Packet transmission, unpacking. Packaging (packaging) refers to combining scattered data or messages according to the protocol. In practical applications, such as in C programming, a new data type is often defined to store the structure of the data packet. Packet transmission refers to the electrical and physical transmission of data packets. Unpacking refers to the receiving end parsing the received data to obtain useful information and data.
Data packets are often transmitted through sockets.
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