Explain the basic configuration in detail in Vue+webpack

This article mainly introduces the basic configuration tutorial of the Vue webpack project. Friends who need it can refer to it.

I have been learning webpack recently and followed the course to create a single-page application. I will record it here. This part mainly talks about how to configure the webpack environment and the configuration of webpack dev.

The record is rough and will be updated later.

1. Development environment: vscode, node.js, vue.js, webpack

If you want to install node.js yourself, you can refer to the novice tutorial

The IDE used is VScode

2. Project initialization

Shortcut key ctrl ` Open the vscode console

vscode interface

2.1 Install webpack vue vue-loader

npm init
npm i webpack vue vue-loader

npm warns you that you need dependencies. Follow the prompts to install

warn

Install the corresponding loader

npm i css-loader vue-template-compiler

2.2 Configure webpack to load the app.vue file

First create the src folder, and create app.vue as the main code under it file, index.js is used as the entry file.

Basic file

The content of the app.vue file is as follows:

<template>
 <p id="text">{{text}}</p>
</template>
<script>
 export default{
 data(){
  return {
  text: &#39;abc&#39;
  }
 }
 }
</script>
<style>
 #test{
 color: red;
 }
</style>

Created in the same directory as src

webpack.config.js file, configure entry, output output

Create package.json file and webpack.config.js file

//webpack.config.js
const path = require('path')
module.exports = {
 entry: path.join(__dirname,'src/index.js'), //调用Index.js作为入口文件
 output: { //打包完的js文件会在bundle.js中，这个文件待会会自动生成的
 filename: 'bundle.js', 
 path: path.join(__dirname,'dist') //用来存放bundle.js文件的地址，自己定义
 },
 module: {
 rules: [{
  test: /.vue$/,
  loader: 'vue-loader'
 }]
 }
}

index.js The file serves as the entrance

//index.js
import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './app.vue'
const root = document.createElement('p')
document.body.appendChild(root)
new Vue({
 render: (h) => h(App)
}).$mount(root)

Configure the scripts command in the package.json file, add build

"scripts": {
 "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1",
 "build": "webpack --config webpack.config.js"
 },

Enter the npm run build command on the console to package, and after successful packaging, as shown in the figure

After webpack packaging is completed

2.3 Configure webpack to load non-Js files

Webpack.config.js file specific configuration

In webpack Add rules:[] to the module: {} module in .config.js to set the file types that webpack needs to recognize. The vue file type has been set before, so you need to add css/images.

//webpack.config.js 
module: {
 rules: [
 {
 test: /.vue$/,
 loader: 'vue-loader'
 },
 {
 test: /.css$/,
 use:[
 'style-loader',
 'css-loader'
 ]
 },
 {
 test: /\.(gif|jpg|png|svg)$/,
 use: [{
  loader: 'url-loader',
  options: {
  limit: 1024,
  name:'[name].[ext]'
  }
 }]
 }
] 
}

Execute the command on the console and install the corresponding loader

npm i style-loader css-loader url-loader file-loader

Test the packaging effect of non-js type files

Goal: import these non-js type files in js code Content

Create the test file test.css in the src subdirectory. And put jpg pictures in images instead (one is enough, emmm, I put too many so I won’t delete them yet)

File structure under src

Import these non-js files in Index.js.

//index.js
import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './app.vue'
import './assets/styles/test.css' //import css文件
import './assets/images/0.jpg' //import 图片
const root = document.createElement('p')
document.body.appendChild(root)
new Vue({
 render: (h) => h(App)
}).$mount(root)

Finally execute npm run build on the console to test the results.

The picture of successful packaging is similar to the above.

2.4 About css preprocessor. Configuration and testing of stylus

Stylus is a preprocessor for css, and the file type is .styl. Let’s configure it here

First, set the rules in the webpack.config.js file: [] In the module, the same as above, add the following code so that it can recognize the .styl file

//webpack.config.js
  {
  test:/.styl$/,
  use: [
   'style-loader',
   'css-loader',
   'stylus-loader'
  ]
  }

Then install the loader file required for stylus in the console

npm i style-loader stylus-loader

Finally execute it in the consolenpm run build Test results.

2.5 Configure webpack-dev-server: specifically used for packaging in the development environment

Because the formal environment is different from our development environment, you need to configure dev to distinguish it

First, install webpack-dev-server

npm i webpack-dev-server

Then, modify the package.json file and add the dev configuration under build

package.json file Configuration

Then, modify webpack.config.js

Add target:'web'

config.js

Because this file will be used in both the development environment and the formal environment, an environment judgment must be added, and variables must be added to identify different environments when running npm.

Because the commands in windows and mac environments will be different, install the cross-env package here to make the commands the same in different development environments.

npm i cross-env

Modify the package.json file again and add the dev command in the "build:" and "dev:" lines

cross-env NODE_ENV=development The rest remains unchanged

package.json file build

然后，在webpack.config.js文件中进行判断。

首先，配置config.devServer

webpack2之后就可以直接用config.devServer进行配置了。

更改文件头部几行代码

在文件的最后加上如下代码

config.devServer

注意：
host:'0.0.0.0'不要直接写localhost，这样别人的电脑就访问不了了；port不要被占用，不然会打不开

最后.安装html-webpack-plugin插件使得html可以作为入口，自动包含JS

npm i html-webpack-plugin

修改webpack.config.js文件

config.js

config.js

至此，dev配置基本完成

控制台执行 npm run dev

npm run dev

打包成功的话就可以在浏览器中查看效果了，

如果出现错误，根据提示修改，注意端口是否占用。我的8000端口占用了，后来用了8080端口就好了

浏览器访问：localhost:8080,可以查看渲染效果。恩，背景图0.jpg是我爱豆23333。笔芯。注意左上角有红色的abc。

浏览器效果

2.6最后还有一些东西要加在config.js中

最后还要加一些东西

1） historyFallback:{}

因为我们做的是单页应用，所以要加一下地址映射到入口index.html，这个先忽略

2） 热加载功能。

hot功能，可以实现局部渲染：比如你改了一个组件的代码，页面只重新渲染这个组件而不是整个页面进行渲染，不需要进行刷新操作。

3） 一些插件

webpack.HotModuleReplacementPlugin()启动hot功能

webpack.NoEmitOnErrorsPlugin()去除一些不必要的信息

4） 浏览器调试代码功能的工具

在浏览器中调试的时候，代码不会转码。

config.devtool = “#cheap-module-evel-source-map”

最后配置完成后，重新npm run dev一次

npm run dev

成功之后，可以在浏览器中测试热加载效果，修改app.vue文件中的text的内容，就可以看到左上角那个红色的字在变了emmmm

//app.vue
<template>
 <p id="text">{{text}}</p>
</template>
<script>
 export default{
 data(){
  return {
  text: &#39;abc&#39; //打开浏览器，然后直接改这里就可以实时看到文字变化效果了。
  }
 }
 }
</script>
<style>
 #test{
 color: red;
 }
</style>

上面是我整理给大家的，希望今后会对大家有帮助。

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