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How to get a list of class attributes in Python

高洛峰Original: 2017-02-11 13:27:011503browse

This article mainly introduces how to get the list of class attributes in Python. The article introduces it in detail through example code. I believe it has certain reference value for everyone's study or work. Friends in need can refer to it. For reference, let’s take a look below.

Preface

Recently I encountered a need at work to obtain the static attributes of a class, that is to say, there is a class Type, I To dynamically obtain the value of Type.FTE .

There are two simplest solutions:

getattr(Type, &#39;FTE&#39;)
Type.__dict__[&#39;FTE&#39;]

So, if you want to get a list of class attributes, what should you do?

The first thing to come on stage is dir, which can return a list of all attribute names in the current scope:

>>> dir()
[&#39;__builtins__&#39;, &#39;__doc__&#39;, &#39;__name__&#39;, &#39;__package__&#39;]
>>> dir(list)
[&#39;__add__&#39;, &#39;__class__&#39;, &#39;__contains__&#39;, &#39;__delattr__&#39;, &#39;__delitem__&#39;, &#39;__delslice__&#39;, &#39;__doc__&#39;, &#39;__eq__&#39;, &#39;__format__&#39;, &#39;__ge__&#39;, &#39;__getattribute__&#39;, &#39;__getitem__&#39;, &#39;__getslice__&#39;, &#39;__gt__&#39;, &#39;__hash__&#39;, &#39;__iadd__&#39;, &#39;__imul__&#39;, &#39;__init__&#39;, &#39;__iter__&#39;, &#39;__le__&#39;, &#39;__len__&#39;, &#39;__lt__&#39;, &#39;__mul__&#39;, &#39;__ne__&#39;, &#39;__new__&#39;, &#39;__reduce__&#39;, &#39;__reduce_ex__&#39;, &#39;__repr__&#39;, &#39;__reversed__&#39;, &#39;__rmul__&#39;, &#39;__setattr__&#39;, &#39;__setitem__&#39;, &#39;__setslice__&#39;, &#39;__sizeof__&#39;, &#39;__str__&#39;, &#39;__subclasshook__&#39;, &#39;append&#39;, &#39;count&#39;, &#39;extend&#39;, &#39;index&#39;, &#39;insert&#39;, &#39;pop&#39;, &#39;remove&#39;, &#39;reverse&#39;, &#39;sort&#39;]

can be matched Use the functions in the inspect package to filter:

>>> [i for i in dir(list) if inspect.isbuiltin(getattr(list, i))]
[&#39;__new__&#39;, &#39;__subclasshook__&#39;]

The inspect package also contains:

>>> [i for i in dir(inspect) if inspect.isfunction(getattr(inspect, i))]
[&#39;_searchbases&#39;, &#39;classify_class_attrs&#39;, &#39;cleandoc&#39;, &#39;findsource&#39;, &#39;formatargspec&#39;, &#39;formatargvalues&#39;, &#39;getabsfile&#39;, &#39;getargs&#39;, &#39;getargspec&#39;, &#39;getargvalues&#39;, &#39;getblock&#39;, &#39;getcallargs&#39;, &#39;getclasstree&#39;, &#39;getcomments&#39;, &#39;getdoc&#39;, &#39;getfile&#39;, &#39;getframeinfo&#39;, &#39;getinnerframes&#39;, &#39;getlineno&#39;, &#39;getmembers&#39;, &#39;getmodule&#39;, &#39;getmoduleinfo&#39;, &#39;getmodulename&#39;, &#39;getmro&#39;, &#39;getouterframes&#39;, &#39;getsource&#39;, &#39;getsourcefile&#39;, &#39;getsourcelines&#39;, &#39;indentsize&#39;, &#39;isabstract&#39;, &#39;isbuiltin&#39;, &#39;isclass&#39;, &#39;iscode&#39;, &#39;isdatadescriptor&#39;, &#39;isframe&#39;, &#39;isfunction&#39;, &#39;isgenerator&#39;, &#39;isgeneratorfunction&#39;, &#39;isgetsetdescriptor&#39;, &#39;ismemberdescriptor&#39;, &#39;ismethod&#39;, &#39;ismethoddescriptor&#39;, &#39;ismodule&#39;, &#39;isroutine&#39;, &#39;istraceback&#39;, &#39;joinseq&#39;, &#39;namedtuple&#39;, &#39;stack&#39;, &#39;strseq&#39;, &#39;trace&#39;, &#39;walktree&#39;]

It can also be used with callable:

>>> [i for i in dir(inspect) if not callable(getattr(inspect, i))]
[&#39;CO_GENERATOR&#39;, &#39;CO_NESTED&#39;, &#39;CO_NEWLOCALS&#39;, &#39;CO_NOFREE&#39;, &#39;CO_OPTIMIZED&#39;, &#39;CO_VARARGS&#39;, &#39;CO_VARKEYWORDS&#39;, &#39;TPFLAGS_IS_ABSTRACT&#39;, &#39;__author__&#39;, &#39;__builtins__&#39;, &#39;__date__&#39;, &#39;__doc__&#39;, &#39;__file__&#39;, &#39;__name__&#39;, &#39;__package__&#39;, &#39;_filesbymodname&#39;, &#39;dis&#39;, &#39;imp&#39;, &#39;linecache&#39;, &#39;modulesbyfile&#39;, &#39;os&#39;, &#39;re&#39;, &#39;string&#39;, &#39;sys&#39;, &#39;tokenize&#39;, &#39;types&#39;]

As mentioned above, __dict__ can also be used to get the attribute list:

>>> list.__dict__.keys()
[&#39;__getslice__&#39;, &#39;__getattribute__&#39;, &#39;pop&#39;, &#39;remove&#39;, &#39;__rmul__&#39;, &#39;__lt__&#39;, &#39;__sizeof__&#39;, &#39;__init__&#39;, &#39;count&#39;, &#39;index&#39;, &#39;__delslice__&#39;, &#39;__new__&#39;, &#39;__contains__&#39;, &#39;append&#39;, &#39;__doc__&#39;, &#39;__len__&#39;, &#39;__mul__&#39;, &#39;sort&#39;, &#39;__ne__&#39;, &#39;__getitem__&#39;, &#39;insert&#39;, &#39;__setitem__&#39;, &#39;__add__&#39;, &#39;__gt__&#39;, &#39;__eq__&#39;, &#39;reverse&#39;, &#39;extend&#39;, &#39;__delitem__&#39;, &#39;__reversed__&#39;, &#39;__imul__&#39;, &#39;__setslice__&#39;, &#39;__iter__&#39;, &#39;__iadd__&#39;, &#39;__le__&#39;, &#39;__repr__&#39;, &#39;__hash__&#39;, &#39;__ge__&#39;]

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