search
Homephp教程php手册PHP源码分析之Global关键字

 

  闲来无事,就系统的从PHP的词法分析,语法分析,opcodes生成,执行,整个流程,详细的分析了global关键字的实现。

  当你在脚本中写下:

 

  

  $var = "laruence";

  function sample(){

  global $var;

  }

  ?>

 

  的时候,你知道PHP是怎么实现在函数作用域找到全局变量的么?

  在我前面的文章中(深入理解PHP原理之Opcodes)讲过, PHP的执行,经历了如下几个阶段:

 

  1. Scanning(Lexing) ,将PHP代码转换为语言片段(Tokens)

  2. Parsing, 将Tokens转换成简单而有意义的表达式

  3. Compilation, 将表达式编译成Opocdes

  4. Execution, 顺次执行Opcodes,每次一条,从而实现PHP脚本的功能。

 

  那么,第一阶段,自然就是Scanning了, 在词法分析阶段,我们的

 

  global $var;

 

  会被解析为:

 

  T_GLOBAL var;

 

  接下来是parsing阶段:

 

  T_GLOBAL var;

 

  yacc经过规则:

 

  statement:

   T_GLOBAL global_var_list ';'

  ....

  global_var_list:

  global_var_list ',' global_var { zend_do_fetch_global_variable(&$3, NULL, ZEND_FETCH_GLOBAL_LOCK TSRMLS_CC); }

   global_var { zend_do_fetch_global_variable(&$1, NULL, ZEND_FETCH_GLOBAL_LOCK TSRMLS_CC); }

  ;

 

  其中, zend_do_fetch_global_variable是真正生成opcode的函数:

 

  zend_op *opline;

  ......

  opline->opcode = ZEND_FETCH_W;

  opline->result.op_type = IS_VAR;

  ......

  opline->op2.u.EA.type = ZEND_FETCH_GLOBAL_LOCK;

 

  而对于ZEND_FETCH_W的op_handler是:

  ZEND_VM_HANDLER(83, ZEND_FETCH_W, CONSTTMPVARCV, ANY) { ZEND_VM_DISPATCH_TO_HELPER_EX(zend_fetch_var_address_helper, type, BP_VAR_W); }

  我们来看看zend_fetch_var_adress_helper:

  ..... target_symbol_table = zend_get_target_symbol_table(opline, EX(Ts), type, varname TSRMLS_CC);/* if (!target_symbol_table) { ZEND_VM_NEXT_OPCODE(); }*/ if (zend_hash_find(target_symbol_table, varname->value.str.val, varname->value.str.len+1, (void **) &retval) == FAILURE) { switch (type) { case BP_VAR_R: case BP_VAR_UNSET: zend_error(E_NOTICE,"Undefined variable: %s", Z_STRVAL_P(varname)); /* break missing intentionally */ case BP_VAR_IS: retval = &EG(uninitialized_zval_ptr); break; case BP_VAR_RW: zend_error(E_NOTICE,"Undefined variable: %s", Z_STRVAL_P(varname)); /* break missing intentionally */ case BP_VAR_W: { zval *new_zval = &EG(uninitialized_zval); new_zval->refcount++; zend_hash_update(target_symbol_table, varname->value.str.val, varname->value.str.len+1, &new_zval, sizeof(zval *), (void **) &retval); } break; EMPTY_SWITCH_DEFAULT_CASE() } }

  可以看出,核心就是zend_get_targer_symbol_table这个函数了:

  static inline HashTable *zend_get_target_symbol_table(zend_op *opline, temp_variable *Ts, int type, zval *variable TSRMLS_DC){ switch (opline->op2.u.EA.type) { case ZEND_FETCH_LOCAL: return EG(active_symbol_table); break; case ZEND_FETCH_GLOBAL: case ZEND_FETCH_GLOBAL_LOCK: return &EG(symbol_table); break; case ZEND_FETCH_STATIC: if (!EG(active_op_array)->static_variables) { ALLOC_HASHTABLE(EG(active_op_array)->static_variables); zend_hash_init(EG(active_op_array)->static_variables, 2, NULL, ZVAL_PTR_DTOR, 0); } return EG(active_op_array)->static_variables; break; EMPTY_SWITCH_DEFAULT_CASE() } return NULL;}

  恩,问题清楚了,也就是说, 如果你global了一个变量,那么Zend就会去全局symbol_table去寻找,如果找不到,就会在全局symbol_table中分配相应的变量。

  通过这样的机制,实现了全局变量。



Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Chat Commands and How to Use Them
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Safe Exam Browser

Safe Exam Browser

Safe Exam Browser is a secure browser environment for taking online exams securely. This software turns any computer into a secure workstation. It controls access to any utility and prevents students from using unauthorized resources.

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

MantisBT

MantisBT

Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

VSCode Windows 64-bit Download

VSCode Windows 64-bit Download

A free and powerful IDE editor launched by Microsoft

WebStorm Mac version

WebStorm Mac version

Useful JavaScript development tools