Home  >  Article  >  Backend Development  >  设计模式 - 在看深入php第8章设计原则遇到一些困惑

设计模式 - 在看深入php第8章设计原则遇到一些困惑

WBOY
WBOYOriginal
2016-06-06 20:31:01829browse

下面代码是书上例子,在php下运行也没错误,但有几点不解
1.abstract 抽象类 里面竟然没有抽象方法?
2. function __construct( $duration, CostStrategy $strategy ) {
还有这种传递方式?我仔细看了一下,应该是把下面声明的抽象类CostStrategy以别名方式传进来,是这样吗,如果是真的,抽象类CostStrategy都不需要被继承吗?
这段代码把我搞糊涂了

duration = $duration;
        $this->costStrategy = $strategy;
    }

    function cost() {
        return $this->costStrategy->cost( $this );
    }

    function chargeType() {
        return $this->costStrategy->chargeType( );
    }

    function getDuration() {
        return $this->duration;
    }

    // more lesson methods...
}


abstract class CostStrategy {
    abstract function cost( Lesson $lesson );
    abstract function chargeType();
}

class TimedCostStrategy extends CostStrategy {
    function cost( Lesson $lesson ) {
        return ( $lesson->getDuration() * 5 );
    }
    function chargeType() {
        return "hourly rate";
    }
}

class FixedCostStrategy extends CostStrategy {
    function cost( Lesson $lesson ) {
        return 30;
    }

    function chargeType() {
        return "fixed rate";
    }
}

class Lecture extends Lesson {
    // Lecture-specific implementations ...
}

class Seminar extends Lesson {
    // Seminar-specific implementations ...
}

$lessons[] = new Seminar( 4, new TimedCostStrategy() );
$lessons[] = new Lecture( 4, new FixedCostStrategy() );

foreach ( $lessons as $lesson ) {
    print "lesson charge {$lesson->cost()}. ";
    print "Charge type: {$lesson->chargeType()}\n";
}
?>

回复内容:

下面代码是书上例子,在php下运行也没错误,但有几点不解
1.abstract 抽象类 里面竟然没有抽象方法?
2. function __construct( $duration, CostStrategy $strategy ) {
还有这种传递方式?我仔细看了一下,应该是把下面声明的抽象类CostStrategy以别名方式传进来,是这样吗,如果是真的,抽象类CostStrategy都不需要被继承吗?
这段代码把我搞糊涂了

duration = $duration;
        $this->costStrategy = $strategy;
    }

    function cost() {
        return $this->costStrategy->cost( $this );
    }

    function chargeType() {
        return $this->costStrategy->chargeType( );
    }

    function getDuration() {
        return $this->duration;
    }

    // more lesson methods...
}


abstract class CostStrategy {
    abstract function cost( Lesson $lesson );
    abstract function chargeType();
}

class TimedCostStrategy extends CostStrategy {
    function cost( Lesson $lesson ) {
        return ( $lesson->getDuration() * 5 );
    }
    function chargeType() {
        return "hourly rate";
    }
}

class FixedCostStrategy extends CostStrategy {
    function cost( Lesson $lesson ) {
        return 30;
    }

    function chargeType() {
        return "fixed rate";
    }
}

class Lecture extends Lesson {
    // Lecture-specific implementations ...
}

class Seminar extends Lesson {
    // Seminar-specific implementations ...
}

$lessons[] = new Seminar( 4, new TimedCostStrategy() );
$lessons[] = new Lecture( 4, new FixedCostStrategy() );

foreach ( $lessons as $lesson ) {
    print "lesson charge {$lesson->cost()}. ";
    print "Charge type: {$lesson->chargeType()}\n";
}
?>

function __construct( $duration, CostStrategy $strategy )
这行代码中的CostStrategy $strategy是指定了该参数的类型约束,必须是CostStrategy类或者其子类的对象

PHP类型约束:http://php.net/manual/zh/language.oop5.typehinting.php
至于抽象类里没有抽象方法,确实是可以这样的,官方文档里的解释要细细读一下比较绕
PHP 5 支持抽象类和抽象方法。定义为抽象的类不能被实例化。任何一个类,如果它里面至少有一个方法是被声明为抽象的,那么这个类就必须被声明为抽象的
就是说如果有抽象方法了那么这个类必须声明成抽象类,抽象方法是抽象类的必要条件,而抽象类不是抽象方法的充分条件, 不知这么解释是否清楚。
PHP 抽象类 : http://php.net/manual/zh/language.oop5.abstract.php

妹妹下面好痒,qq2850071112,有需要的来,满足你的要求,手机电脑都可以看的,视频一对一服务的,,http://www.301se.com

Statement:
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn