mysql source code installation linux

MySQL is an open source database management system that is widely used in Web applications. In Linux systems, there are many ways to install MySQL, among which the source code compilation method is the most flexible and customizable. The following will introduce the detailed steps for compiling and installing MySQL using source code.

1. Download the MySQL source code package

First, you need to download the source code package from the MySQL official website, the address is: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ . Select the corresponding source code package according to the system type and version, download and extract it to the specified directory.

2. Install necessary dependencies

Before compiling MySQL, you need to install some necessary dependency packages. In Ubuntu and Debian systems, you can use the following command to install:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential libncurses5-dev libssl-dev libaio-dev

In CentOS and RedHat systems, you can use the following command to install:

sudo yum update
sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
sudo yum install ncurses-devel openssl-devel libaio-devel

3. Configure MySQL compilation parameters

Before compiling the MySQL source code, you need to configure the compilation parameters. You can use the following command to configure:

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql 
            --with-charset=utf8mb4 
            --enable-thread-safe-client 
            --with-ssl 
            --with-plugins=innodb 
            --with-innodb-storage-engine 
            --with-embedded-server 
            --with-extra-charsets=all 
            --enable-local-infile 
            --enable-assembler 
            --with-unix-socket-path=/var/run/mysql/mysql.sock

Among them, the meaning of the options is as follows:

• prefix: Specify the installation directory.
• with-charset: Specify the default character set.
• enable-thread-safe-client: Enable thread-safe client library.
• with-ssl: Enable SSL encryption function.
• with-plugins: Select the plug-ins to be installed, select InnoDB here.
• with-innodb-storage-engine: Enable InnoDB storage engine.
• with-embedded-server: Enable MySQL embedded server.
• with-extra-charsets: Install additional character sets.
• enable-local-infile: Enable LOAD DATA INFILE function.
• enable-assembler: Enable assembly optimization.
• with-unix-socket-path: Specify the location of the unix socket file.

4. Compiling and Installing MySQL

After configuring the compilation parameters, you can use the following command to compile:

make

The compilation process may continue A longer period of time, depending on system performance and source code package size. After compilation is completed, you can use the following command to install:

sudo make install

After the installation is completed, the corresponding files and directories will be generated in the /usr/local/mysql directory.

5. Configure MySQL environment variables

After the installation is complete, you need to add MySQL to the environment variables. You can edit the /etc/profile file and add the following statement at the end of the file:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

After saving the file, run the following command to make the configuration effective:

source /etc/profile

6. Configure MySQL service

In order to start and stop MySQL as a service, you need to create a service file. It can be created using the following command:

sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service

Paste the following into the file:

[Unit]
Description=MySQL Community Server
After=network.target

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --socket=/var/run/mysql/mysql.sock
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown
Restart=always
PrivateTmp=false

There are three sections in the file:

• Unit: Service Name and Description, and dependencies.
• Install: The environment and service startup level required when the service is started.
• Service: Service-related settings, including users and groups, start commands, stop commands, etc.

7. Initialize MySQL

After completing the compilation and installation of MySQL, you need to initialize the database. You can use the following command to initialize:

sudo /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql

After execution, a random password will be generated, which needs to be written down for subsequent login. After the initialization is completed, you can use the following command to start the MySQL service:

sudo systemctl start mysql.service

At this point, the MySQL service has been started successfully. You can use the following command to log in to MySQL:

mysql -u root -p

Enter the password generated during the initialization process to log in to MySQL.

Conclusion

By compiling and installing MySQL from source code, you can flexibly configure various compilation parameters to meet different needs. At the same time, MySQL can also be installed as a system service to facilitate starting and stopping. Although it is more complicated than other installation methods, in some special scenarios, compiling and installing MySQL from source code can provide better customization and scalability.

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