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    PHP框架YII札记之1

    2016-06-13 13:02:22原创261
    PHP框架YII笔记之1
    1 用脚手架安装yiic,注意把framework下的yiic和php下的php.exe放到PATH中去,
    假设应用目录为yiidemo,则先
    cd yiidemo
    yiic webapp demo(这个是应用程序的名)
    之后会产生框架


    2 创建controller
    cd yiidemo
    yiic shell
    此时可以help去看帮助
    先产生的controller
    controller message(controller名) helloworld(方法名)
    默认在protectd目录下也产生controller,并且views目录下也有同controller
    名相同的views文件

    运行:
    http://localhost:8082/myphp/yiidemo/index.php?r=message/helloWorld

    往视图中传递参数也是一样的:
    $theTime = date("D M j G:i:s T Y");
    $this->render('helloWorld',array('time'=>$theTime));
    VIEW中:



    3 yii的HTML帮助类的连接:

    出来的会是一个LINK了,第一个参数是连接的文字,第2个数组是
    key-value,分别是controller/method

    4 yii的单元测试
    测试文件放在protected/tests/unit/中
    一般是以Action+Test命名,比如MessageTest.class
    ,如果要测试的方法为actionHelloworld(),则测试方法为
    testActionHelloworld().

    功能测试文件放在protected/tests/functional中

    5 单元测试步骤
    1)安装phpunit
    pear channel-discover pear.phpunit.de
    pear install phpunit/PHPUnit

    (注意升级下pear upgrade -all)
    2)下载selenium RC SERVER
    3) 修改 test目录下的WebTestCase.php,设置为
    define('TEST_BASE_URL','http://localhost:8082/myphp/yiidemo/index-

    test.php/');
    4) 启动selenium server

    5) 测试开始
    cd protected/tests/
    phpunit functional/SiteTest.php
    会自动打开IE,FIREFOX去测试,可以到test\phpunit.xml中去修改浏览器设置

    6)TDD
    每写一个类,则
    phpunit unit/XXXX.PHP测试下

    例子
    Yii::import('application.controllers.MessageController');
    class MessageTest extends CTestCase
    {
    public function testRepeat()
    {

    $message = new MessageController('messageTest');
    $yell = "Hello, Any One Out There?";
    $returnedMessage = $message->repeat($yell);
    $this->assertEquals($returnedMessage, $yell);
    }
    }

    ?>

    7 数据库连接
    $connection=new CDbConnection($dsn,$username,$password);
    SQLite: sqlite:/path/to/dbfile
    ? MySQL: mysql:host=localhost;dbname=testdb
    ? PostgreSQL: pgsql:host=localhost;port=5432;dbname=testdb
    ? SQL Server: mssql:host=localhost;dbname=testdb
    ? Oracle: oci:dbname=//localhost:1521/testdb
    配置文件在
    /protected/config/main.php
    修改为MYSQL配置
    // application components
    'components'=>array(

    'db'=>array(
    'connectionString' => 'mysql:host=127.0.0.1;dbname=trackstar_dev',
    'emulatePrepare' => true,
    'username' => 'your_db_user_name',
    'password' => 'your_db_password',
    'charset' => 'utf8',
    ),
    ),
    使用时:Yii::app()->db


    8 启动GII
    gii是快速构建的工具之一,实际上就是一个网页的脚手架产生工具
    1)配置
    protected\config\main.php
    增加:
    'modules'=>array(
    'gii'=>array(
    'class'=>'system.gii.GiiModule',
    'password'=>'[自己定的密码]',
    ),
    ),


    2) 在数据库中建立表后,到GII中产生MODEL类
    3)继续单元测试
    class ProjectTest extends CDbTestCase
    {
    public function testCRUD()
    {
    //Create a new project
    $newProject=new Project;
    $newProjectName = 'Test Project 1';
    $newProject->setAttributes(
    array(
    'name' => $newProjectName,
    'description' => 'Test project number one',
    'create_time' => '2010-01-01 00:00:00',
    'create_user_id' => 1,
    'update_time' => '2010-01-01 00:00:00',
    'update_user_id' => 1,
    )
    );
    $this->assertTrue($newProject->save(false));
    }
    }
    ?>
    其中save传递的false参数,是说保存时不再验证合法性了
    测试读:
    //READ back the newly created project
    $retrievedProject=Project::model()->findByPk($newProject->id);
    $this->assertTrue($retrievedProject instanceof Project);
    $this->assertEquals($newProjectName,$retrievedProject->name);
    $newProject->id找出其ID主键
    更新及删除
    //UPDATE the newly created project
    $updatedProjectName = 'Updated Test Project 1';
    $newProject->name = $updatedProjectName; $this-
    >assertTrue($newProject->save(false));
    //read back the record again to ensure the update worked
    $updatedProject=Project::model()->findByPk($newProject->id);
    $this->assertTrue($updatedProject instanceof Project);
    $this->assertEquals($updatedProjectName,$updatedProject->name);
    //DELETE the project
    $newProjectId = $newProject->id;
    $this->assertTrue($newProject->delete());
    $deletedProject=Project::model()->findByPk($newProjectId);
    $this->assertEquals(NULL,$deletedProject);


    再用脚手架的crud generator,于是就CRUD都可以生成了。




    9 validator
    YII有很多validator,用法:
    public function rules()
    {
    // NOTE: you should only define rules for those attributes that
    // will receive user inputs.
    return array(
    array('create_user_id, update_user_id', 'numerical','integerO
    nly'=>true),
    array('name', 'length', 'max'=>128),
    array('create_time, update_time', 'safe'),
    // The following rule is used by search().
    // Please remove those attributes that should not be searched.
    array('id, name, description, create_time, create_user_id,
    update_time, update_user_id', 'safe', 'on'=>'search'),
    array('name', 'required'),
    );
    }
    'on'=>'insert'之类的,是说在INSERT的情况下,规则适合用
    array('name','字段’,'字段2'......'required'),


    10 创建TEST FIXTURE
    1)protected/tests/fixtures/tbl_project.php,文件都在

    protected/tests/fixtures下创建
    比如
    return array(
    'project1'=>array(
    'name' => 'Test Project 1',
    'description' => 'This is test project 1',
    'create_time' => '',
    'create_user_id' => '',
    'update_time' => '',
    'update_user_id' => '',
    ),
    'project2'=>array(
    'name' => 'Test Project 2',
    'description' => 'This is test project 2',
    'create_time' => '',
    'create_user_id' => '',
    'update_time' => '',
    'update_user_id' => '',
    ),
    'project3'=>array(
    'name' => 'Test Project 3',
    'description' => 'This is test project 3',
    'create_time' => '',
    'create_user_id' => '',
    'update_time' => '', 'update_user_id' => '',
    ),
    );
    之后,在tests/unit/ProjectTest.php中建立:
    class ProjectTest extends CDbTestCase
    {
    public $fixtures=array
    (
    'projects'=>'Project',
    );
    }
    告诉我们去使用刚才的fixture.
    使用测试数据
    $projectOne = $this->projects['project1'];


    11) 在测试时,使用测试数据库
    在protected/config/test.php中,如下设置:
    return CMap::mergeArray(
    require(dirname(__FILE__).'/main.php'),
    array(
    'components'=>array(
    'fixture'=>array(
    'class'=>'system.test.CDbFixtureManager',
    ),
    'db'=>array(
    'connectionString' =>
    'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=trackstar_test',
    'emulatePrepare' => true,
    'username' => '[your db username]',
    'password' => '[your db password]',
    'charset' => 'utf8',
    ),
    ),
    )

    );
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    专题推荐:nbsp gt project array update
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