Nginx 0.7.x + PHP 5.2.9（FastCGI）搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服-php手册-php.cn

[文章作者：张宴本文版本：v5.0 最后修改： 2009.05.06 http://blog.s135.com/nginx_php_v5/] 前言：本文是我撰写的关于搭建Nginx + PHP（FastCGI）Web服务器的第5篇文章。本系列文章作为国内最早详细介绍 Nginx + PHP 安装、配置、使用的资料之一，为推动

　[文章作者：张宴本文版本：v5.0 最后修改：2009.05.06http://blog.s135.com/nginx_php_v5/]

　　前言：本文是我撰写的关于搭建“Nginx + PHP（FastCGI）”Web服务器的第5篇文章。本系列文章作为国内最早详细介绍 Nginx + PHP 安装、配置、使用的资料之一，为推动 Nginx 在国内的发展产生了积极的作用。这是一篇关于Nginx 0.7.x系列版本的文章，安装、配置方式与第4篇文章相差不大，但增加了MySQL安装配置的信息、PHP 5.2.9 的 php-fpm 补丁（非官方）。Nginx 0.7.x系列版本虽然为开发版，但在很多大型网站的生产环境中已经使用。

　　链接：《2007年9月的第1版》、《2007年12月的第2版》、《2008年6月的第3版》、《2008年8月的第4版》

　　 Nginx 0.7.x + PHP 5.2.9（FastCGI）搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服

　　Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。 Nginx 是由 Igor Sysoev 为俄罗斯访问量第二的 Rambler.ru 站点开发的，它已经在该站点运行超过两年半了。Igor 将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布。

　　Nginx 超越 Apache 的高性能和稳定性，使得国内使用 Nginx 作为 Web 服务器的网站也越来越多，其中包括新浪博客、新浪播客、网易新闻等门户网站频道，六间房、56.com等视频分享网站，Discuz!官方论坛、水木社区等知名论坛，豆瓣、YUPOO相册、海内SNS、迅雷在线等新兴Web 2.0网站。

　　Nginx 的官方中文维基：http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxChs

　　在高并发连接的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品。Nginx同时也可以作为7层负载均衡服务器来使用。根据我的测试结果，Nginx 0.7.54 + PHP 5.2.9 (FastCGI) 可以承受3万以上的并发连接数，相当于同等环境下Apache的10倍。

　　根据我的经验，4GB内存的服务器+Apache（prefork模式）一般只能处理3000个并发连接，因为它们将占用3GB以上的内存，还得为系统预留1GB的内存。我曾经就有两台Apache服务器，因为在配置文件中设置的MaxClients为4000，当Apache并发连接数达到3800时，导致服务器内存和Swap空间用满而崩溃。

　　而这台 Nginx 0.7.54 + PHP 5.2.9 (FastCGI) 服务器在3万并发连接下，开启的10个Nginx进程消耗150M内存（15M*10=150M），开启的64个php-cgi进程消耗1280M内存（20M*64=1280M），加上系统自身消耗的内存，总共消耗不到2GB内存。如果服务器内存较小，完全可以只开启25个php-cgi进程，这样php-cgi消耗的总内存数才500M。

　　在3万并发连接下，访问Nginx 0.7.54 + PHP 5.2.9 (FastCGI) 服务器的PHP程序，仍然速度飞快。下图为Nginx的状态监控页面，显示的活动连接数为28457（关于Nginx的监控页配置，会在本文接下来所给出的Nginx配置文件中写明）：

　　 Nginx 0.7.x + PHP 5.2.9（FastCGI）搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服

　　我生产环境下的两台Nginx + PHP5（FastCGI）服务器，跑多个一般复杂的纯PHP动态程序，单台Nginx + PHP5（FastCGI）服务器跑PHP动态程序的处理能力已经超过“700次请求/秒”，相当于每天可以承受6000万（700*60*60*24=60480000）的访问量（更多信息见此），而服务器的系统负载也不高：

　　 Nginx 0.7.x + PHP 5.2.9（FastCGI）搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服

　　安装步骤：
　　（系统要求：Linux 2.6+ 内核，本文中的Linux操作系统为CentOS 5.3，另在RedHat AS4上也安装成功）

　　一、获取相关开源程序：
　　1、【适用CentOS操作系统】利用CentOS Linux系统自带的yum命令安装、升级所需的程序库（RedHat等其他Linux发行版可从安装光盘中找到这些程序库的RPM包，进行安装）：

sudo -s
LANG=C
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

　　2、【适用RedHat操作系统】RedHat等其他Linux发行版可从安装光盘中找到这些程序库的RPM包（事先可通过类似“rpm -qa | grep libjpeg”的命令查看所需的RPM包是否存在，通常是“xxx-devel”不存在，需要安装）。RedHat可以直接利用CentOS的RPM包安装，以下是RPM包下载网址：
　　①、RedHat AS4 & CentOS 4
　　http://mirrors.163.com/centos/4/os/i386/CentOS/RPMS/
　　http://mirrors.163.com/centos/4/os/x86_64/CentOS/RPMS/

　　②、RedHat AS5 & CentOS 5
　　http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/
　　http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/

　　③、RPM包搜索网站
　　http://rpm.pbone.net/
　　http://www.rpmfind.net/

　　④、RedHat AS4 系统环境，通常情况下缺少的支持包安装：
　　Ⅰ、i386 系统

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/i386/libjpeg-devel-6b-33.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh libjpeg-devel-6b-33.i386.rpm
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/i386/freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.i386.rpm
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/i386/libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.i386.rpm

　　Ⅱ、x86_64 系统

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/libjpeg-devel-6b-33.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libjpeg-devel-6b-33.x86_64.rpm
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.x86_64.rpm
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.x86_64.rpm

　　3、【适用CentOS、RedHat及其它Linux操作系统】下载程序源码包：
　　本文中提到的所有开源软件为截止到2009年05月05日的最新稳定版。
　　①、从软件的官方网站下载：

mkdir -p /data0/software
cd /data0/software
wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.7.54.tar.gz
wget http://www.php.net/get/php-5.2.9.tar.gz/from/this/mirror
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.9-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.34.tar.gz/from/http://mysql.he.net/
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0"
wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0"
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.5.tgz
wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0"
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz
wget http://bart.eaccelerator.net/source/0.9.5.3/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-2.2.2.tgz

　　②、从blog.s135.com下载（比较稳定，只允许在本站，或者在Linux/Unix下通过Wget、Curl等命令下载以下软件）：

mkdir -p /data0/software
cd /data0/software
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/nginx/nginx-0.7.54.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.9.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.9-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mysql/mysql-5.1.34.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.2.2.tgz

　　二、安装PHP 5.2.9（FastCGI模式）
　　1、编译安装PHP 5.2.9所需的支持库：

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

　　2、编译安装MySQL 5.1.34

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
tar zxvf mysql-5.1.34.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.1.34/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=innobase
make && make install
chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql
cd ../

　　附：以下为附加步骤，如果你想在这台服务器上运行MySQL数据库，则执行以下两步。如果你只是希望让PHP支持MySQL扩展库，能够连接其他服务器上的MySQL数据库，那么，以下两步无需执行。

　　①、创建MySQL数据库存放目录

mkdir -p /data0/mysql/3306/data/
chown -R mysql:mysql /data0/mysql/

　　②、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --datadir=/data0/mysql/3306/data --user=mysql

　　③、创建my.cnf配置文件：

vi /data0/mysql/3306/my.cnf

　　输入以下内容：

引用

[client]
default-character-set = utf8
port    = 3306
socket  = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysql]
prompt="(/u:blog.s135.com:)[/d]> "
no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]
#default-character-set = utf8
user    = mysql
port    = 3306
socket  = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/webserver/mysql
datadir = /data0/mysql/3306/data
open_files_limit    = 10240
back_log = 600
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 6000
table_cache = 614
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 300
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 32M
query_cache_limit = 2M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
default-storage-engine = MyISAM
default_table_type = MyISAM
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 246M
max_heap_table_size = 246M
long_query_time = 1
log_long_format
log-bin = /data0/mysql/3306/binlog
binlog_cache_size = 4M
binlog_format = MIXED
max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
max_binlog_size = 512M
expire_logs_days = 7
key_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover

skip-name-resolve
master-connect-retry = 10
slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396

server-id = 1

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 128M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = 0
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M

　　④、创建管理MySQL数据库的shell脚本：

vi /data0/mysql/3306/mysql

　　输入以下内容（这里的用户名admin和密码12345678接下来的步骤会创建）：

view plaincopy to clipboardprint?

#!/bin/sh
mysql_port=3306
mysql_username="admin"
mysql_password="12345678"
function_start_mysql()
{
printf "Starting MySQL.../n"
/bin/sh /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data0/mysql/${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
printf "Stoping MySQL.../n"
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf "Restarting MySQL.../n"
function_stop_mysql
sleep 5
function_start_mysql
}
function_kill_mysql()
{
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')
}
if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then
function_start_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then
function_stop_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then
function_restart_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then
function_kill_mysql
else
printf "Usage: /data0/mysql/${mysql_port}/mysql {start|stop|restart|kill}/n"
fi

#!/bin/sh mysql_port=3306 mysql_username="admin" mysql_password="12345678" function_start_mysql() { printf "Starting MySQL.../n" /bin/sh /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data0/mysql/${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null & } function_stop_mysql() { printf "Stoping MySQL.../n" /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown } function_restart_mysql() { printf "Restarting MySQL.../n" function_stop_mysql sleep 5 function_start_mysql } function_kill_mysql() { kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}') kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}') } if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then function_start_mysql elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then function_stop_mysql elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then function_restart_mysql elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then function_kill_mysql else printf "Usage: /data0/mysql/${mysql_port}/mysql {start|stop|restart|kill}/n" fi
　　⑤、赋予shell脚本可执行权限：

chmod +x /data0/mysql/3306/mysql

　　⑥、启动MySQL：

/data0/mysql/3306/mysql start

　　⑦、通过命令行登录管理MySQL服务器（提示输入密码时直接回车）：

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock

　　⑧、输入以下SQL语句，创建一个具有root权限的用户（admin）和密码（12345678）：

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';

　　⑨、（可选）停止MySQL：

/data0/mysql/3306/mysql stop

　　3、编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式）

tar zxvf php-5.2.9.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.9-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.9 -p1
cd php-5.2.9/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../

　　4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-2.2.2.tgz
cd imagick-2.2.2/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

　　5、修改php.ini文件
　　手工修改：查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"
　　修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
　　并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：
　　extension = "memcache.so"
　　extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
　　extension = "imagick.so"

　　再查找output_buffering = Off
　　修改为output_buffering = On

　　自动修改：若嫌手工修改麻烦，可执行以下shell命令，自动完成对php.ini文件的修改：

sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"/nextension = "memcache.so"/nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"/nextension = "imagick.so"/n#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

　　6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：

mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

　　按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：

引用

[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="128"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

　　修改配置文件：

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

　　输入以下内容：

引用

kernel.shmmax = 134217728

　　然后执行以下命令使配置生效：

/sbin/sysctl -p

　　7、创建www用户和组，以及供blog.s135.com和www.s135.com两个虚拟主机使用的目录：

/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/blog
chmod +w /data0/htdocs/blog
chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/blog
mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/www
chmod +w /data0/htdocs/www
chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/www

　　8、创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）：
　　在/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

　　输入以下内容（如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试，请将以下的0改为1，以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页）：

view plaincopy to clipboardprint?

xml version="1.0" ?>
configuration>
All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix
div name="global_options">
Pid file
value name="pid_file">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.pidvalue>
Error log file
value name="error_log">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.logvalue>
Log level
value name="log_level">noticevalue>
When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10value>
... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.
value name="emergency_restart_interval">1mvalue>
Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master
value name="process_control_timeout">5svalue>
Set to 'no' to debug fpm
value name="daemonize">yesvalue>
div>
workers>
div name="pool">
Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.
value name="name">defaultvalue>
Address to accept fastcgi requests on.
Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'
value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000value>
value name="listen_options">
Set listen(2) backlog
value name="backlog">-1value>
Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.
In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.
Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
value name="owner">value>
value name="group">value>
value name="mode">0666value>
value>
Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.
value name="php_defines">
value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -ivalue>
value name="display_errors">1value>
value>
Unix user of processes
value name="user">wwwvalue>
Unix group of processes
value name="group">wwwvalue>
Process manager settings
value name="pm">
Sets style of controling worker process count.
Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'
value name="style">staticvalue>
Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.
Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi
Used with any pm_style.
value name="max_children">128value>
Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style
value name="apache_like">
Sets the number of server processes created on startup.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
value name="StartServers">20value>
Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
value name="MinSpareServers">5value>
Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
value name="MaxSpareServers">35value>
value>
value>
The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated
Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason
'0s' means 'off'
value name="request_terminate_timeout">0svalue>
The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file
'0s' means 'off'
value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0svalue>
The log file for slow requests
value name="slowlog">logs/slow.logvalue>
Set open file desc rlimit
value name="rlimit_files">51200value>
Set max core size rlimit
value name="rlimit_core">0value>
Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path
value name="chroot">value>
Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path
value name="chdir">value>
Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.
If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs
value name="catch_workers_output">yesvalue>
How much requests each process should execute before respawn.
Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.
For endless request processing please specify 0
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
value name="max_requests">500value>
Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1value>
Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
value name="environment">
value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAMEvalue>
value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/binvalue>
value name="TMP">/tmpvalue>
value name="TMPDIR">/tmpvalue>
value name="TEMP">/tmpvalue>
value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPEvalue>
value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPEvalue>
value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2value>
value>
div>
workers>
configuration>

<?xml version="1.0" ?> <configuration> All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix <div name="global_options"> Pid file <value name="pid_file">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value> Error log file <value name="error_log">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value> Log level <value name="log_level">notice</value> When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ... <value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value> ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated. Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory. <value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value> Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master <value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value> Set to 'no' to debug fpm <value name="daemonize">yes</value> </div> <workers> <div name="pool"> Name of pool. Used in logs and stats. <value name="name">default</value> Address to accept fastcgi requests on. Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket' <value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value> <value name="listen_options"> Set listen(2) backlog <value name="backlog">-1</value> Set permissions for unix socket, if one used. In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server. Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions. <value name="owner"></value> <value name="group"></value> <value name="mode">0666</value> </value> Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. <value name="php_defines"> <value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value> <value name="display_errors">1</value> </value> Unix user of processes <value name="user">www</value> Unix group of processes <value name="group">www</value> Process manager settings <value name="pm"> Sets style of controling worker process count. Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like' <value name="style">static</value> Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served. Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi Used with any pm_style. <value name="max_children">128</value> Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style <value name="apache_like"> Sets the number of server processes created on startup. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected <value name="StartServers">20</value> Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected <value name="MinSpareServers">5</value> Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected <value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value> </value> </value> The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason '0s' means 'off' <value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value> The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file '0s' means 'off' <value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value> The log file for slow requests <value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value> Set open file desc rlimit <value name="rlimit_files">51200</value> Set max core size rlimit <value name="rlimit_core">0</value> Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path <value name="chroot"></value> Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path <value name="chdir"></value> Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs <value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value> How much requests each process should execute before respawn. Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For endless request processing please specify 0 Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS <value name="max_requests">500</value> Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect. Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+) Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket. <value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value> Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment <value name="environment"> <value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value> <value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value> <value name="TMP">/tmp</value> <value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value> <value name="TEMP">/tmp</value> <value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value> <value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value> <value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value> </value> </div> </workers> </configuration>　　9、启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为200（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为www：

ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start

　　三、安装Nginx 0.7.54
　　1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库：

tar zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gz
cd pcre-7.8/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../

　　2、安装Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-0.7.54.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.7.54/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ../

　　3、创建Nginx日志目录

mkdir -p /data1/logs
chmod +w /data1/logs
chown -R www:www /data1/logs

　　4、创建Nginx配置文件
　　①、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

　　输入以下内容：

引用

user  www www;

worker_processes 8;

error_log  /data1/logs/nginx_error.log  crit;

pid        /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 51200;
}

http
{
  include       mime.types;
  default_type  application/octet-stream;

  #charset  gb2312;

  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  client_max_body_size 8m;

  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush     on;

  keepalive_timeout 60;

  tcp_nodelay on;

  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

  gzip on;
  gzip_min_length  1k;
  gzip_buffers     4 16k;
  gzip_http_version 1.0;
  gzip_comp_level 2;
  gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  gzip_vary on;

  #limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;

  server
  {
    listen       80;
    server_name  blog.s135.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root  /data0/htdocs/blog;

    #limit_conn   crawler  20;

    location ~ .*/.(php|php5)?$
    {
      #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.p