Java 직렬화 및 역직렬화에 대한 고려 사항은 무엇입니까?

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        User user = new User("John", "Doe");

        // 序列化对象
        try (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("user.ser");
             ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos)) {
            oos.writeObject(user);
        }

        // 反序列化对象
        try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("user.ser");
             ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis)) {
            User deserializedUser = (User) ois.readObject();
            System.out.println(deserializedUser.getName() + " " + deserializedUser.getSurname());
        }
    }
}

class User implements java.io.Serializable {
    private String name;
    private String surname;

    // 考虑使用 `serialVersionUID` 以确保序列化兼容性
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public User(String name, String surname) {
        this.name = name;
        this.surname = surname;
    }

    // 实现 `getName()` 和 `getSurname()` 方法
}