Java 네트워크 프로그래밍은 서버와 클라이언트 간에 어떻게 통신합니까?

import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;

public class Server {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 创建一个服务器套接字，监听端口 8080
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8080);

        // 循环等待客户端连接
        while (true) {
            // 接受客户端连接并返回一个套接字
            Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();

            // 处理客户端请求
            handleClientRequest(clientSocket);

            // 关闭客户端套接字
            clientSocket.close();
        }

        // 关闭服务器套接字
        serverSocket.close();
    }

    public static void handleClientRequest(Socket clientSocket) throws IOException {
        // 从输入流读取客户端数据
        InputStream inputStream = clientSocket.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String request = reader.readLine();

        // 处理请求并返回响应
        String response = processRequest(request);

        // 向输出流写入响应
        OutputStream outputStream = clientSocket.getOutputStream();
        PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(outputStream);
        writer.println(response);
    }
}

import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 创建一个客户端套接字并连接到服务器端（主机名：localhost，端口：8080）
        Socket clientSocket = new Socket("localhost", 8080);

        // 向服务器端发送请求
        OutputStream outputStream = clientSocket.getOutputStream();
        PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(outputStream);
        writer.println("Hello from client!");

        // 从服务器端读取响应
        InputStream inputStream = clientSocket.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String response = reader.readLine();
        System.out.println("Response from server: " + response);

        // 关闭客户端套接字
        clientSocket.close();
    }
}

// Server.java
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;

public class Server {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 监听端口 8080
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8080);

        // 等待客户端连接
        Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();

        // 读取客户端数据
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));
        String request = reader.readLine();
        System.out.println("Received request: " + request);

        // 响应客户端请求
        PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream());
        writer.println("Hello from server!");
        writer.flush();

        // 关闭套接字
        clientSocket.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

// Client.java
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 连接到服务器端（主机名：localhost，端口：8080）
        Socket clientSocket = new Socket("localhost", 8080);

        // 向服务器端发送数据
        PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream());
        writer.println("Hello from client!");
        writer.flush();

        // 读取服务器端响应
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));
        String response = reader.readLine();
        System.out.println("Received response: " + response);

        // 关闭套接字
        clientSocket.close();
    }
}