PHP의 캡슐화된 데이터 구조 및 알고리즘 선택

$array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
echo $array[0];  // 输出 1

class Node
{
    public $data;
    public $next;
    
    public function __construct($data)
    {
        $this->data = $data;
        $this->next = null;
    }
}

class LinkedList
{
    private $head;
    
    public function __construct()
    {
        $this->head = null;
    }
    
    // 插入节点
    public function insert($data)
    {
        $node = new Node($data);
        
        if ($this->head === null) {
            $this->head = $node;
        } else {
            $current = $this->head;
            
            while ($current->next !== null) {
                $current = $current->next;
            }
            
            $current->next = $node;
        }
    }
    
    // 删除节点
    public function delete($data)
    {
        if ($this->head === null) {
            return;
        }
        
        if ($this->head->data === $data) {
            $this->head = $this->head->next;
            return;
        }
        
        $current = $this->head;
        $prev = null;
        
        while ($current !== null && $current->data !== $data) {
            $prev = $current;
            $current = $current->next;
        }
        
        if ($current !== null) {
            $prev->next = $current->next;
        }
    }
}

$linkedlist = new LinkedList();
$linkedlist->insert(1);
$linkedlist->insert(2);
$linkedlist->delete(1);

// 栈的实现
$stack = new SplStack();
$stack->push(1);
$stack->push(2);
echo $stack->pop();  // 输出 2

// 队列的实现
$queue = new SplQueue();
$queue->enqueue(1);
$queue->enqueue(2);
echo $queue->dequeue();  // 输出 1

// 大顶堆实现
$heap = new SplMaxHeap();
$heap->insert(1);
$heap->insert(2);
echo $heap->extract();  // 输出 2

function quickSort($array)
{
    if (count($array) < 2) {
        return $array;
    }
    
    $pivot = $array[0];
    $less = $greater = [];
    
    for ($i = 1; $i < count($array); $i++) {
        if ($array[$i] <= $pivot) {
            $less[] = $array[$i];
        } else {
            $greater[] = $array[$i];
        }
    }
    
    return array_merge(quickSort($less), [$pivot], quickSort($greater));
}

$array = [5, 3, 8, 1, 6];
$result = quickSort($array);
print_r($result);  // 输出 [1, 3, 5, 6, 8]

function binarySearch($array, $target)
{
    $left = 0;
    $right = count($array) - 1;
    
    while ($left <= $right) {
        $mid = floor(($left + $right) / 2);
        
        if ($array[$mid] == $target) {
            return $mid;
        }
        
        if ($array[$mid] < $target) {
            $left = $mid + 1;
        } else {
            $right = $mid - 1;
        }
    }
    
    return -1;
}

$array = [1, 3, 5, 6, 8];
$target = 6;
$result = binarySearch($array, $target);
echo $result;  // 输出 3