PHP에서 제품의 다중 사양 SKU에 대한 데이터베이스 디자인을 구현하는 방법

CREATE TABLE `products` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`description` text NOT NULL,
`price` decimal(10,2) NOT NULL,
`created_at` datetime NOT NULL,
`updated_at` datetime NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

CREATE TABLE `specifications` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`product_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`value` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
FOREIGN KEY (`product_id`) REFERENCES `products`(`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `products` (`name`, `description`, `price`, `created_at`, `updated_at`)
VALUES ('手机', '这是一款智能手机', 1999.00, NOW(), NOW());

INSERT INTO `specifications` (`product_id`, `name`, `value`)
VALUES (1, '尺寸', '6寸');

INSERT INTO `specifications` (`product_id`, `name`, `value`)
VALUES (1, '颜色', '黑色');

INSERT INTO `specifications` (`product_id`, `name`, `value`)
VALUES (1, '颜色', '白色');

SELECT p.name, p.price, s.name, s.value
FROM products p
JOIN specifications s ON p.id = s.product_id
WHERE p.id = 1;

$(document).ready(function() {
    $('#specification-select').on('change', function() {
        var productId = $(this).val();
        
        $.ajax({
            url: 'getProductInfo.php',
            type: 'POST',
            data: {productId: productId},
            success: function(response) {
                var productInfo = JSON.parse(response);
                $('#price').text(productInfo.price);
                $('#stock').text(productInfo.stock);
            }
        });
    });
});

$productId = $_POST['productId'];

// 查询规格信息
$query = "SELECT name, value FROM specifications WHERE product_id = :productId";
$stmt = $pdo->prepare($query);
$stmt->bindParam(':productId', $productId, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->execute();
$specifications = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

// 查询价格和库存信息
$query = "SELECT price, stock FROM products WHERE id = :productId";
$stmt = $pdo->prepare($query);
$stmt->bindParam(':productId', $productId, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->execute();
$productInfo = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

$response = array(
    'specifications' => $specifications,
    'price' => $productInfo['price'],
    'stock' => $productInfo['stock']
);

echo json_encode($response);