Symfony 프레임워크에서 데이터베이스 작업에 Doctrine ORM을 사용하는 방법

composer require doctrine/doctrine-bundle

DATABASE_URL=mysql://username:password@127.0.0.1:3306/db_name

doctrine:
    dbal:
        url: '%env(resolve:DATABASE_URL)%'
        driver: 'pdo_mysql'
        charset: utf8mb4
    orm:
        auto_generate_proxy_classes: true
        naming_strategy: doctrine.orm.naming_strategy.underscore
        auto_mapping: true

namespace AppEntity;

use DoctrineORMMapping as ORM;

/**
 * @ORMEntity
 * @ORMTable(name="users")
 */
class User
{
    /**
     * @ORMId
     * @ORMGeneratedValue(strategy="AUTO")
     * @ORMColumn(type="integer")
     */
    private $id;

    /**
     * @ORMColumn(type="string")
     */
    private $name;

    // 添加其他属性和方法...

    // Getter和Setter方法...

    // 其他业务逻辑...
}

public function create()
{
    $entityManager = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

    $user = new User();
    $user->setName('John Doe');

    $entityManager->persist($user);
    $entityManager->flush();

    return new Response('User created!');
}

public function read($id)
{
    $entityManager = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

    $user = $entityManager->getRepository(User::class)->find($id);

    if (!$user) {
        throw $this->createNotFoundException('User not found!');
    }

    return new Response('User name: ' . $user->getName());
}

public function update($id)
{
    $entityManager = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

    $user = $entityManager->getRepository(User::class)->find($id);

    if (!$user) {
        throw $this->createNotFoundException('User not found!');
    }

    $user->setName('Jane Doe');

    $entityManager->flush();

    return new Response('User updated!');
}

public function delete($id)
{
    $entityManager = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

    $user = $entityManager->getRepository(User::class)->find($id);

    if (!$user) {
        throw $this->createNotFoundException('User not found!');
    }

    $entityManager->remove($user);
    $entityManager->flush();

    return new Response('User deleted!');
}

public function findByName($name)
{
    $entityManager = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

    $queryBuilder = $entityManager->createQueryBuilder();
    $queryBuilder->select('u')
        ->from(User::class, 'u')
        ->where('u.name = :name')
        ->setParameter('name', $name);

    $users = $queryBuilder->getQuery()->getResult();

    return new Response('Users found: ' . count($users));
}

public function findByAge($age)
{
    $entityManager = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

    $query = $entityManager->createQuery(
        'SELECT u FROM AppEntityUser u WHERE u.age > :age'
    )->setParameter('age', $age);

    $users = $query->getResult();

    return new Response('Users found: ' . count($users));
}