算数运算符
算术运算符用在数学表达式中，它们的作用和在数学中的作用一样。下表列出了所有的算术运算符。
表格中的实例假设整数变量A的值为10，变量B的值为20：
| 操作符 |
描述 |
| + |
加法 - 相加运算符两侧的值 |
| - |
减法 - 左操作数减去右操作数 |
| * |
乘法 - 相乘操作符两侧的值 |
| / |
除法 - 左操作数除以右操作数 |
| % |
取余 - 左操作数除以右操作数的余数 |
| ++ |
自增: 操作数的值增加1 |
| - - |
自减: 操作数的值减少1 |
例子
public static void main(String[] args) { int a = 10; int b = 20; int c = 25; int d = 25; System.out.println("a + b = " + (a + b) ); System.out.println("a - b = " + (a - b) ); System.out.println("a * b = " + (a * b) ); System.out.println("b / a = " + (b / a) ); System.out.println("b % a = " + (b % a) ); System.out.println("c % a = " + (c % a) ); System.out.println("a++ = " + (a++) ); System.out.println("a-- = " + (a--) ); // 查看 d++ 与 ++d 的不同 System.out.println("d++ = " + (d++) ); System.out.println("++d = " + (++d) ); } 运行结果 "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=51196:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\charsets.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\deploy.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\javaws.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jce.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jfr.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jsse.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\plugin.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\resources.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\rt.jar;D:\JavaProject\20210402\out\production\20210402" Test a + b = 30 a - b = -10 a * b = 200 b / a = 2 b % a = 0 c % a = 5 a++ = 10 a-- = 11 d++ = 25 ++d = 27 Process finished with exit code 0
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关系运算符
| 运算符 |
描述 |
| == |
检查如果两个操作数的值是否相等，如果相等则条件为真。 |
| ！= |
检查如果两个操作数的值是否相等，如果值不相等则条件为真。 |
| > |
检查左操作数的值是否大于右操作数的值，如果是那么条件为真。 |
| < |
检查左操作数的值是否小于右操作数的值，如果是那么条件为真 |
| >= |
检查左操作数的值是否大于或等于右操作数的值，如果是那么条件为真。 |
| <= |
检查左操作数的值是否小于或等于右操作数的值，如果是那么条件为真。 |
例子
public static void main(String[] args) { int a = 10; int b = 20; System.out.println("a == b = " + (a == b) ); System.out.println("a != b = " + (a != b) ); System.out.println("a > b = " + (a > b) ); System.out.println("a < b = " + (a < b) ); System.out.println("b >= a = " + (b >= a) ); System.out.println("b <= a = " + (b <= a) ); } 运行结果 "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=51452:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\charsets.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\deploy.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\javaws.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jce.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jfr.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jsse.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\plugin.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\resources.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\rt.jar;D:\JavaProject\20210402\out\production\20210402" Test a == b = false a != b = true a > b = false a < b = true b >= a = true b <= a = false Process finished with exit code 0
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逻辑运算符
| 操作符 |
描述 |
| && |
称为逻辑与运算符。当且仅当两个操作数都为真，条件才为真。 |
| ll |
称为逻辑或操作符。如果任何两个操作数任何一个为真，条件为真。 |
| ！ |
称为逻辑非运算符。用来反转操作数的逻辑状态。如果条件为true，则逻辑非运算符将得到false |
例子
public static void main(String[] args) { boolean a = true; boolean b = false; System.out.println("a && b = " + (a&&b)); System.out.println("a || b = " + (a||b) ); System.out.println("!(a && b) = " + !(a && b)); }
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赋值运算符
| 赋值运算符 |
描述 |
例子 |
| = |
简单的赋值运算符，将右操作数的值赋给左侧操作数 |
C = A + B将把A + B得到的值赋给C |
| + = |
加和赋值操作符，它把左操作数和右操作数相加赋值给左操作数 |
C + = A等价于C = C + A |
| - = |
减和赋值操作符，它把左操作数和右操作数相减赋值给左操作数 |
C - = A等价于C = C - A |
| * = |
乘和赋值操作符，它把左操作数和右操作数相乘赋值给左操作数 |
C * = A等价于C = C * A |
| / = |
除和赋值操作符，它把左操作数和右操作数相除赋值给左操作数 |
C / = A，C 与 A 同类型时等价于 C = C / A |
| （％）= |
取模和赋值操作符，它把左操作数和右操作数取模后赋值给左操作数 |
C％= A等价于C = C％A |
| << = |
左移位赋值运算符 |
C << = 2等价于C = C << 2 |
| >> = |
右移位赋值运算符 |
C >> = 2等价于C = C >> 2 |
| ＆= |
按位与赋值运算符 |
C＆= 2等价于C = C＆2 |
| ^ = |
按位异或赋值操作符 |
C ^ = 2等价于C = C ^ 2 |
| l= |
按位或赋值操作符 |
C l = 2等价于C = C |
public static void main(String[] args) { int a = 10; int b = 20; int c = 0; c = a + b; System.out.println("c = a + b = " + c ); c += a ; System.out.println("c += a = " + c ); c -= a ; System.out.println("c -= a = " + c ); c *= a ; System.out.println("c *= a = " + c ); a = 10; c = 15; c /= a ; System.out.println("c /= a = " + c ); a = 10; c = 15; c %= a ; System.out.println("c %= a = " + c ); c <<= 2 ; System.out.println("c <<= 2 = " + c ); c >>= 2 ; System.out.println("c >>= 2 = " + c ); c >>= 2 ; System.out.println("c >>= 2 = " + c ); c &= a ; System.out.println("c &= a = " + c ); c ^= a ; System.out.println("c ^= a = " + c ); c |= a ; System.out.println("c |= a = " + c ); } 运行结果为: c = a + b = 30 c += a = 40 c -= a = 30 c *= a = 300 c /= a = 1 c %= a = 5 c <<= 2 = 20 c >>= 2 = 5 c >>= 2 = 1 c &= a = 0 c ^= a = 10 c |= a = 10 Process finished with exit code 0
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Java运算符优先级
| 类别 |
操作 |
关联性 |
| 后缀 |
() [] . (点操作符) |
左到右 |
| 一元 |
expr++ expr– |
从左到右 |
| 一元 |
++expr --expr + - ～ ！ |
从右到左 |
| 乘性 |
* /％ |
左到右 |
| 加性 |
+ - |
左到右 |
| 移位 |
>> >>> << |
左到右 |
| 关系 |
> >= < <= |
左到右 |
| 相等 |
== != |
左到右 |
| 按位与 |
＆ |
左到右 |
| 按位异或 |
^ |
左到右 |
| 按位或 |
l |
左到右 |
| 逻辑与 |
&& |
左到右 |
| 逻辑或 |
ll |
左到右 |
| 条件 |
？： |
从右到左 |
| 赋值 |
= + = - = * = / =％= >> = << =＆= ^ = l= |
从右到左 |
| 逗号 |
， |
左到右 |
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