객체지향의 세 가지 주요 특징과 다섯 가지 주요 원칙은 무엇입니까?

class eat
{
    public function breakfast()
    {
        echo "吃早饭！";
    }
}

class typist
{
    public function type()
    {
        echo "打字!";
    }

}

function printWorking($obj)
{
    if ($obj instanceof eat) {
        echo $obj->breakfast();
    } elseif ($obj instanceof typist) {
        echo $obj->type();
    } else {
        echo "error";
    }
}

printWorking(new eat());
echo PHP_EOL;
printWorking(new typist());

<?php
class MyObject
{
    public function __construct()
    {
        echo "test code";
    }
}

//工厂类
class MyFactory
{
    public static function factory()
    {
        return new MyObject();
   }
}

$instance = MyFactory::factory();//test code

<?php

/**
 * 输出一个字符串
 * 装饰器动态添加功能
 * Class EchoText
 */
class EchoText
{
    protected $decorator = [];

    public function Index()
    {
        //调用装饰器前置操作
        $this->beforeEcho();
        echo "你好，我是装饰器。";
        //调用装饰器后置操作
        $this->afterEcho();
    }

    //增加装饰器
    public function addDecorator(Decorator $decorator)
    {
        $this->decorator[] = $decorator;
    }

    //执行装饰器前置操作 先进先出原则
    protected function beforeEcho()
    {
        foreach ($this->decorator as $decorator)
            $decorator->before();
    }

    //执行装饰器后置操作 先进后出原则
    protected function afterEcho()
    {
        $tmp = array_reverse($this->decorator);
        foreach ($tmp as $decorator)
            $decorator->after();
    }
}

/**
 * 装饰器接口
 * Class Decorator
 */
interface Decorator
{
    public function before();

    public function after();
}

/**
 * 颜色装饰器实现
 * Class ColorDecorator
 */
class ColorDecorator implements Decorator
{
    protected $color;

    public function __construct($color)
    {
        $this->color = $color;
    }

    public function before()
    {
        echo "<dis style=&#39;color: {$this->color}'>";
    }

    public function after()
    {
        echo "</div>";
    }
}

/**
 * 字体大小装饰器实现
 * Class SizeDecorator
 */
class SizeDecorator implements Decorator
{
    protected $size;

    public function __construct($size)
    {
        $this->size = $size;
    }

    public function before()
    {
        echo "<dis style=&#39;font-size: {$this->size}px'>**";
    }

    public function after()
    {
        echo "</div>";
    }
}

//实例化输出类
$echo = new EchoText();
//增加装饰器
$echo->addDecorator(new ColorDecorator('red'));
//增加装饰器
$echo->addDecorator(new SizeDecorator('22'));
//输出
$echo->Index();

<?php
//例子1
class Bird{
    protect function fly(){

    }
}
//翠鸟
class KingFisher extends Bird{

}

//鸵鸟
class Ostrich extends Bird{
    //鸵鸟不会飞啊
}

//例子2

class A{
    protect function add($a, $b){
        return $a + $b;
    }
}

//重载
class B extends A{

    protected function add($a, $b){
        return $a + $b + 100;
    }
}

<?php

interface employee
{
    public function working();
}

class teacher implements employee//具体应该依赖与抽象
{
    public function working(){
        echo &#39;teaching...&#39;;
    }
}

class coder implements employee
{
    public function working(){
        echo &#39;coding...&#39;;
    }
}

class workA//例子1
{
    public function work(){
        $teacher = new teacher;
        $teacher->working();
    }
}

class workB//例子2
{
    private $e;
    public function set(employee $e){
        $this->e = $e;
    }

    public function work(){
        $this->e->working();
    }
}

$worka = new workA;//workA 依赖于 teacher 类 不符合依赖倒置原则
$worka->work();
$workb = new workB;//workB 不依赖与某个类 既可以注入 teacher 也可以 注入 coder
$workb->set(new teacher());
$workb->work();

<?php
interface Animal{
  public function walk();
  public function speak();
}

//实现狗的一个接口

class Dog implements Animal{
  public function walk(){
    echo "dogs can walk";
  }
  public function speak(){
    echo "dogs can speak";
  }
}

//ok，现在我们想创建一个鱼类，它会游泳，怎么办呢？
//我们必须要修改接口，还会影响到dog类的实现，而fish也需要实现walk和speak方法，如下代码所示：

interface Animal{
  public function walk();
  public function speak();
  public function swim();
}

//修改后的Gog类
class Dog implements Animal{
  public function walk(){
    echo "dogs can walk";
  }
  public function speak(){
    echo "dogs can speak";
  }
  public function swim(){
  }
}

//鱼类
class Fish implements Animal{
  public function walk(){
  }
  public function speak(){
  }
  public function swim(){
    echo "fish can swim";
  }
}

<?php
interface animalCanSpeak{
  public function speak();
}

interface AnimalCanSwim{
  public function swim();
}

interface animalCanSpeak{
  public function speak();
}

//定义好这几个接口类之后，dog和fish的实现就容易多了

//狗类
class Dog implements animalCanSpeak,animalCanWalk{
  public function walk(){
    echo "dogs can walk";
  }
  public function speak(){
    echo "dogs can speak";
  }
}

//鱼类
class Fish implements AnimalCanSwim{
  public function swim(){
    echo "fish can swim";
  }
}