파이썬의 예외는 무엇입니까? Python의 예외에 대한 자세한 소개

>>> if Trur
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    if Trur
          ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> print("as"))
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    print("as"))
               ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

>>> int("aa")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: &#39;aa&#39;
>>> f = open("aaa.txt","r")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: &#39;aaa.txt&#39;

try:
    int("aaa")
    print("---aaa---")
except:
    print("出现异常-->英文字母不能转换为数字")
print("----------")
# 输出结果
出现异常-->英文字母不能转换为数字
----------

try:
    nu = int("100")
    print("转换后的值nu:", nu)
    i = 1 / 0
except ValueError:
    print("出现异常-->英文字母不能转换为数字")
except ZeroDivisionError as e:  # 通过 as 变量名 获取异常的对象
    print("出现异常-->除数不能为零")
    print("异常的提示信息-->", e)
except:
    pass
print("----------")


# 输出结果
转换后的值nu: 100
出现异常-->除数不能为零
异常的提示信息--> division by zero
----------

try:
    i = 1 / 0
    nu = int("aa")
except (ValueError, ZeroDivisionError) as e:
    print(e)
except:
    pass
print("----------")


# 输出结果
division by zero
----------

try:
    i = 1 / 0
    print("没有出现异常i值", i)
except Exception as e:
    print("出现异常-->", e)
else:
    print("没有出现异常-->执行else")
finally:
    print("不管是否出现异常，这里的语句一定会被执行")


# 输出结果
出现异常--> division by zero
不管是否出现异常，这里的语句一定会被执行

class MyException(Exception):  # 自定义异常类
    def __init__(self, msg):
        self.msg = msg


age = 500
try:
    if age < 0 or age > 200:
        raise MyException("age范围0-200")  # 抛出自定义异常
    print("age", age)
except MyException as e:
    print("出现异常-->", e)


# 输出结果
出现异常--> age范围0-200

try:
    i = 1 / 0  # 异常的语句
except Exception as e:
    print("出现异常-->", e)
    raise  # 处理完后继续抛出异常，raise表示抛出当前异常
print("-------------")


# 输出结果
出现异常--> division by zero
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 2, in <module>
    i = 1 / 0
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero