PHP의 반사 메커니즘은 무엇입니까?

class Person {
  /**
   * For the sake of demonstration, we"re setting this private
   */
  private $_allowDynamicAttributes = false;
  /** type=primary_autoincrement */
  protected $id = 0;
  /** type=varchar length=255 null */
  protected $name;
  /** type=text null */
  protected $biography;
    public function getId()
    {
      return $this->id;
    }
    public function setId($v)
    {
      $this->id = $v;
    }
    public function getName()
    {
      return $this->name;
    }
    public function setName($v)
    {
      $this->name = $v;
    }
    public function getBiography()
    {
      return $this->biography;
    }
    public function setBiography($v)
    {
      $this->biography = $v;
    }
}

$class = new ReflectionClass('Person');//建立 Person这个类的反射类
$instance = $class->newInstanceArgs($args);//相当于实例化Person 类

$properties = $class->getProperties();
foreach($properties as $property) {
  echo $property->getName()."\n";
}
// 输出:
// _allowDynamicAttributes
// id
// name
// biography

$private_properties = $class->getProperties(ReflectionProperty::IS_PRIVATE);

foreach($properties as $property) {
  if($property->isProtected()) {
    $docblock = $property->getDocComment();
    preg_match('/ type\=([a-z_]*) /', $property->getDocComment(), $matches);
    echo $matches[1]."\n";
  }
}
// Output:
// primary_autoincrement
// varchar
// text

$instance->getBiography(); //执行Person 里的方法getBiography
//或者：
$ec=$class->getmethod('getName'); //获取Person 类中的getName方法
$ec->invoke($instance);    //执行getName 方法