Celery와 Docker를 사용하여 Django에서 Cron 작업 실행

python -m venv myenv
source myenv/bin/activate  # On Windows, use myenv\Scripts\activate

pip install django djangorestframework

django-admin startproject myproject
cd myproject

python manage.py startapp myapp

# myproject/settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'myapp',
    'rest_framework',
]

pip install celery redis

# myproject/celery.py
from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
import os
from celery import Celery

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'myproject.settings')

app = Celery('myproject')
app.config_from_object('django.conf:settings', namespace='CELERY')
app.autodiscover_tasks()

app.conf.beat_schedule = {
    'run-this-task-every-day': {
        'task': 'myapp.tasks.my_scheduled_task',
        'schedule': crontab(minute="00", hour="7"),  # Executes every day at 7 AM
    },
}

app.conf.timezone = 'UTC'

# myproject/__init__.py
from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
from .celery import app as celery_app

__all__ = ('celery_app',)

CELERY_BROKER_URL = os.environ.get('REDIS_URL')
CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND = os.environ.get('REDIS_URL')
CELERY_ACCEPT_CONTENT = ['json']
CELERY_TASK_SERIALIZER = 'json'
CELERY_RESULT_SERIALIZER = 'json'
CELERY_TIMEZONE = 'UTC'
CELERY_BROKER_CONNECTION_RETRY_ON_STARTUP = True

# myapp/tasks.py
from celery import shared_task

@shared_task
def my_scheduled_task():
    print("This task runs every every day.")

FROM python:3.8-alpine3.15

ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1

WORKDIR /app

COPY requirements.txt /app

RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

COPY . .

EXPOSE 9000

CMD ["gunicorn", "-w", "4", "-b", "0.0.0.0:8000", "myproject.wsgi:application"]

FROM python:3.8-alpine3.15

ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1

WORKDIR /app
COPY requirements.txt /app
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt
COPY . /app

CMD ["celery", "-A", "myproject", "worker", "--loglevel=info", "--concurrency=4", "-E", "-B"]

Django==4.2
djangorestframework==3.14.0
celery==5.3.1
redis==5.0.0

services:
  app:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile.myapi
    container_name: myapp_api
    ports:
      - 7000:7000
    env_file:
      - .env

  celery:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile.myjob
    container_name: myapp_job
    depends_on:
      - app
    env_file:
      - .env

REDIS_URL=<your_redis_url>

docker-compose up --build