PHP の array_walk_recursive() 関数を使用して、多次元配列の各要素に対してコールバック関数を実行します。

$students = array(
    array(
        'name' => '张三',
        'age' => 18,
        'scores' => array(80, 85, 90),
    ),
    array(
        'name' => '李四',
        'age' => 19,
        'scores' => array(75, 78, 82),
    ),
    array(
        'name' => '王五',
        'age' => 20,
        'scores' => array(90, 95, 88),
    ),
);

function calculateAverage(&$value, $key)
{
    if ($key === 'scores') {
        $average = array_sum($value) / count($value);
        $value['average'] = $average;
    }
}

array_walk_recursive($students, 'calculateAverage');

print_r($students);

Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [name] => 张三
            [age] => 18
            [scores] => Array
                (
                    [0] => 80
                    [1] => 85
                    [2] => 90
                    [average] => 85
                )

        )

    [1] => Array
        (
            [name] => 李四
            [age] => 19
            [scores] => Array
                (
                    [0] => 75
                    [1] => 78
                    [2] => 82
                    [average] => 78.33333333333333
                )

        )

    [2] => Array
        (
            [name] => 王五
            [age] => 20
            [scores] => Array
                (
                    [0] => 90
                    [1] => 95
                    [2] => 88
                    [average] => 91
                )

        )

)