PHP フォームでキャプチャを使用して自動化攻撃を防ぐにはどうすればよいですか?

<?php
// 生成随机验证码
function generateCaptcha() {
    $captcha = rand(1000, 9999); // 生成一个4位数的随机验证码
    $_SESSION['captcha'] = $captcha; // 将验证码保存在Session中
    return $captcha;
}

// 输出验证码到页面
function outputCaptcha() {
    $captcha = generateCaptcha();
    echo '<img src="captcha.php" alt="验证码">';
}

// 验证表单提交的验证码是否正确
function validateCaptcha($captcha) {
    if (isset($_SESSION['captcha']) && $_SESSION['captcha'] == $captcha) {
        return true;
    } else {
        return false;
    }
}
?>

<form method="POST" action="submit.php">
    <label for="name">姓名：</label>
    <input type="text" id="name" name="name" required>

    <label for="email">邮箱：</label>
    <input type="email" id="email" name="email" required>

    <label for="captcha">验证码：</label>
    <input type="number" id="captcha" name="captcha" required>

    <?php outputCaptcha(); ?>

    <button type="submit">提交</button>
</form>

<?php
session_start();

header('Content-Type: image/png');

$captcha = $_SESSION['captcha'];

$im = imagecreatetruecolor(100, 30);
$bgColor = imagecolorallocate($im, 255, 255, 255);
$textColor = imagecolorallocate($im, 0, 0, 0);

imagefill($im , 0 , 0 , $bgColor);
imagestring($im, 5, 10, 10, $captcha, $textColor);

imagepng($im);
imagedestroy($im);
?>

<?php
session_start();
$captcha = $_POST['captcha'];

if (validateCaptcha($captcha)) {
    // 验证码正确，继续处理表单数据
    echo '验证码正确！';
    // 处理表单数据的逻辑 ...
} else {
    // 验证码错误，返回错误提示
    echo '验证码错误！';
}
?>