Vue3のnextTick関数の詳細解説：DOM更新後の処理動作

<template> 
  <div>
    <button @click="toggleContent">切换内容显示</button>
    <div v-if="showContent" ref="content">这是要显示的内容</div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      showContent: false
    }
  },
  methods: {
    toggleContent() {
      this.showContent = !this.showContent
      this.$nextTick(() => {
        // 在DOM更新后，修改样式
        this.$refs.content.style.color = 'red'
      })
    }
  }
}
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <ul>
      <li v-for="item in list" :key="item">{{ item }}</li>
    </ul>
    <button @click="getListStyle">获取列表样式</button>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      list: ['item1', 'item2', 'item3']
    }
  },
  methods: {
    getListStyle() {
      this.list.push('item4')
      this.$nextTick(() => {
        // 获取更新后的li元素样式信息
        const liList = document.querySelectorAll('li')
        liList.forEach((li) => {
          console.log(li.style)
        })
      })
    }
  }
}
</script>

// 初始化Promise
const promise = Promise.resolve()

export function nextTick(callback?: Function) {
  // 将回调包装成一个微任务函数
  return promise.then(callback)
}

const callbacks = []
let pending = false

// 回调函数
function flushCallbacks() {
  // 标记异步任务已经在执行
  pending = false
  // 执行回调函数
  const copies = callbacks.slice(0)
  callbacks.length = 0
  for (let i = 0; i < copies.length; i++) {
    copies[i]()
  }
}

// 创建Observer实例
const observer = new MutationObserver(flushCallbacks)

// 注册用户行为
const textNode = document.createTextNode(String(0))
observer.observe(textNode, {
  characterData: true
})

export function nextTick(callback?: Function) {
  callbacks.push(() => {
    if (callback) {
      try {
        callback()
      } catch (e) {
        console.error(e)
      }
    }
  })

  if (!pending) {
    // 标记异步任务未执行
    pending = true
    // 改变textNode的值
    textNode.data = String(Date.now())
  }
}

<template>
  <div>
    <ul>
      <li v-for="item in list" :key="item">{{ item }}</li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      list: ['item1', 'item2', 'item3']
    }
  },
  methods: {
    operateDOM() {
      this.$nextTick(() => {
        // 操作所有的li元素
        const liList = document.querySelectorAll('li')
        liList.forEach((li, index) => {
          li.style.color = `hsl(${index * 50}, 70%, 50%)`
        })
      })
    }
  }
}
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <p>{{ message }}</p>
    <button @click="changeMessage">异步更改message</button>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      message: 'Hello Vue.js'
    }
  },
  methods: {
    changeMessage() {
      setTimeout(() => {
        this.message = 'Hello World'
        this.$nextTick(() => {
          // 操作更新后的DOM
          document.querySelector('p').style.color = 'red'
        })
      }, 1000)
    }
  }
}
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <ul ref="list">
      <li v-for="item in list" :key="item">{{ item }}</li>
    </ul>
    <button @click="addItem">动态添加一项</button>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      list: ['item1', 'item2', 'item3']
    }
  },
  methods: {
    addItem() {
      this.list.push('item4')
      this.$nextTick(() => {
        // 操作新加入的li元素
        const liList = this.$refs.list.querySelectorAll('li')
        liList[liList.length - 1].style.color = 'red'
      })
    }
  }
}
</script>