xmltodict は Python で XML をどのように操作しますか?

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<mydocument has="an attribute">
    <and>
        <many>elements</many>
        <many>more elements</many>
    </and>
    <plus a="complex">
        element as well
    </plus>
</mydocument>

pip install xmltodict

import xmltodict
 
with open("test.xml") as fd:          # 将XML文件装载到dict里面
    doc = xmltodict.parse(fd.read())
    print(doc["mydocument"]["@has"])  # an attribute
    print(doc["mydocument"]["and"])   # OrderedDict([(u'many', [u'elements', u'more elements'])])
    print(doc["mydocument"]["and"]["many"])   # [u'elements', u'more elements']
    print(doc["mydocument"]["plus"]["@a"])    # complex
    print(doc["mydocument"]["plus"]["#text"]) # element as well
xmltodict 也有unparse函数让您可以转回XML。

# coding:utf-8
import xmltodict   # 导入
 
# XML格式字符串
xml_str = """
        <xml>
            <Name>张三</Name>
            <age>18</age>
        </xml>
        """
 
 
xml_dict = xmltodict.parse(xml_str)   # 解析xml字符串
 
print(type(xml_dict))  # <class &#39;collections.OrderedDict&#39;>  类字典型，可以按照字典方法操作
 
print xml_dict
 
# 遍历
for key, val in xml_dict[&#39;xml&#39;].items():
    print key, "---", val

# coding:utf-8
import xmltodict   # 导入
 
# 字典
xml_dict = {
                "xml": {
                    "name" : u"张三",
                    "age" : 18
                }
            }
 
# 字典转换成XML字符串
# xml_str = xmltodict.unparse(xml_dict)
xml_str = xmltodict.unparse(xml_dict, pretty=True)  # pretty表示友好输出（有换行）
 
print(xml_str)