PHPのアクセス許可修飾子とは何ですか?

<?php
 class EMBA_student  // 声明EMBA学生类
      {
          //用private来定义私有类的属性
          private $no; //序号
          private $name; // 姓名
          private $gender; //性别
          private $age; //年龄
          //方法
          //方法1 ，私有方法，输出年龄
       private   function show_age()
          {
  echo"我的年龄是：$this->age<br />";
              }
//方法2，公有方法，回答年龄
public function ask_age()
{
    $this->show_age();
    }
//方法3，设置数据
function set_data($arr){
    $this->no=$arr["no"];
        $this->name=$arr["name"];
            $this->gender=$arr["gender"];
                $this->age=$arr["age"];
    }
          }
 //实例化一个对象
 $s=new EMBA_student;
 $arr=array("no"=>"1","name"=>"Qian Zhang","gender"=>"Female","age"=>"33","department"=>"商业营销");
 $s->set_data($arr);
//echo $s->age;//Fatal error: Cannot access private property EMBA_student::$age in C:\xampp\htdocs\v\v.php on line 47
//$s->show_age(); //Fatal error: Call to private method EMBA_student::show_age() from context &#39;&#39; in C:\xampp\htdocs\v\v.php on line 48
 $s->ask_age();
  ?>