Pythonでファイル形式を解凍する基本的な方法

import patoolib
# 解压缩
patoolib.extract_archive("archive.zip", outdir="/tmp")
# 测试压缩包是否完整
patoolib.test_archive("dist.tar.gz", verbosity=1)
# 列出压缩包内的文件
patoolib.list_archive("package.deb")
# 创建压缩包
patoolib.create_archive("/path/to/myfiles.zip", ("file1.txt", "dir/"))
# 比较压缩包内文件的差异
patoolib.diff_archives("release1.0.tar.gz", "release2.0.zip")
# 搜索patoolib.search_archive("def urlopen", "python3.3.tar.gz")
# 修改压缩包的压缩格式
patoolib.repack_archive("linux-2.6.33.tar.gz", "linux-2.6.33.tar.bz2")

patoolib.util.PatoolError: could not find an executable program to extract format rar; candidates are (rar,unrar,7z)

# 导入ZipFile类
from zipfile import ZipFile
# ZipFile(file, mode='r', compression=ZIP_STORED, allowZip64=True, compresslevel=None)
# 默认模式是读取，该模式提供read(), readline(), readlines(), __iter__(), __next__()等方法

with ZipFile('test.zip') as myzip:
    myzip.extract(member='1.txt'，path='tmp')
    myzip.extractall(path='tmp',members=['1.txt','2.txt'],pwd='password')

# 添加文件的mode有'w', 'a', 'x'
# 'w'表示覆盖或写入一个新文件；'a'表示在已有文件后追加；'x'表示新建文件并写入。
# 在三种mode下，如果未写入认识数据，则会生成空的ZIP文件。
with ZipFile('test.zip',mode='w') as myzip:    
    for file in ['1.txt', '2.txt']: # 需压缩的文件列表        
        myzip.write(file,compress_type=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)

# 方法一
def addToZip(zf, path, zippath):
    if os.path.isfile(path):        
        zf.write(path, zippath, zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)  # 以zlib压缩方法写入文件    
    elif os.path.isdir(path):        
        if zippath:            
            zf.write(path, zippath)        
        for nm in os.listdir(path):            
            addToZip(zf, os.path.join(path, nm), os.path.join(zippath, nm))
with zipfile.ZipFile('tmp4.zip', 'w') as zip_file:    
      addToZip(zip_file,'tmp','tmp')    
#方法二
class ZipFolder:    
    def toZip(self, file, zipfilename):        
        # 首先创建zipfile对象        
        with zipfile.ZipFile(zipfilename, 'w') as zip_file:            
            if os.path.isfile(file):  # 判断写入的是文件还是文件夹，是文件的话直接写入                
                zip_file.write(file)            
            else:  # 否则调用写入文件夹的函数assFolderToZip()                
                self.addFolderToZip(zip_file, file)    
    def addFolderToZip(self, zip_file, folder):        
        for file in os.listdir(folder):  # 依次遍历文件夹内的文件            
            full_path = os.path.join(folder, file)            
            if os.path.isfile(full_path): # 判断是文件还是文件夹，是文件的话直接写入                
                print('File added: ', str(full_path))                
                zip_file.write(full_path)            
            elif os.path.isdir(full_path):             
            # 如果是文件夹的话再次调用addFolderToZip函数，写入文件夹                
                print('Entering folder: ', str(full_path))                
                self.addFolderToZip(zip_file, full_path)
directory = 'tmp'   # 需压缩的文件目录
zipfilename = 'tmp1.zip'    #压缩后的文件名
ZipFolder().toZip(directory, zipfilename)

pip install rarfile

LookupError: Couldn't find path to unrar library.

# mode的值只能为'r'
class rarfile.RarFile(rarfile, mode='r', charset=None, info_callback=None, crc_check=True, errors='stop')

def __enter__(self):
    """Open context."""    
    return self
def __exit__(self, typ, value, traceback):    
    """Exit context"""    
    self.close()
def close(self):    
    """Release open resources."""    
    pass

tarfile.open(name=None, mode='r', fileobj=None, bufsize=10240, **kwargs)

with tarfile.open("test.tar.gz") as tar:    
    tar.extractall(path='.')

# 解压后缀名为py的文件
def py_files(members):
    for tarinfo in members:        
        if os.path.splitext(tarinfo.name)[1] == ".py":            
            yield tarinfo
with tarfile.open("sample.tar.gz") as tar:    
    tar.extractall(members=py_files(tar))

with tarfile.open("sample.tar", "w") as tar:
    for name in ["foo", "bar", "quux"]:        
        tar.add(name)

with tarfile.open("sample.tar", "w:gz") as tar:
    for name in ["foo", "bar", "quux"]:        
        tar.add(name)

tar = tarfile.open('test.tar','w:gz')
for root ,dir,files in os.walk(os.getcwd()):      
  for file in files:          
      fullpath = os.path.join(root,file)          
      tar.add(fullpath)