乱数を生成するために Python の Random モジュールで使用される 7 つの一般的な関数の使用法の紹介

random.random()

>>> random.random()0.5578093677010638

random.uniform(a, b)

>>> random.uniform(10, 20)
16.864972616523794
>>> random.uniform(20, 10)
10.851664722380086

random.randint(a, b)

>>> random.randint(12, 20)
>>> random.randint(20, 20)
>>> random.randint(30, 20)  # 不能这样用，下限必须小于等于上限
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
  File "D:\Software\Anaconda3\lib\random.py", line 221, in randint
    return self.randrange(a, b+1)
  File "D:\Software\Anaconda3\lib\random.py", line 199, in randrange
    raise ValueError("empty range for randrange() (%d,%d, %d)" % (istart, istop, width))

random.randrange([start], stop[, step])

>>> random.randrange(10, 100)
29
>>> random.randrange(10, 100, 2)
98

random.choice(sequence)

>>> random.choice('HelloWorld')
'r'
>>> random.choice(['java', 'python', 'C' , 'PHP'])
'python'
>>> random.choice(('list', 'tuple', 'dict'))
'tuple'

random.shuffle(x[, random])

>>> l = ['java', 'python', 'C' , 'PHP']
>>> random.shuffle(l)
>>> l
['PHP', 'C', 'java', 'python']

random.sample(sequence, k)