Pythonのマルチスレッド、ロック、イベントの仕組みの簡単な使い方を詳しく解説

import threading
import time

class MyThread(threading.Thread):
 def __init__(self, arg):
  # super(MyThread, self).__init__() # 新式类继承原有方法写法
  threading.Thread.__init__(self)
  self.arg = arg

 def run(self):
  time.sleep(2)
  print(self.arg)

for i in range(10):
 thread = MyThread(i)
 print(thread.name)
 thread.start()

import threading
import time

def process(arg):
 time.sleep(2)
 print(arg)

for i in range(10):
 t = threading.Thread(target=process, args=(i,))
 print(t.name)
 t.start()

# 锁：GIL 全局解释器 它是为了保证线程在运行过程中不被抢占
number = 0
lock = threading.RLock() # 创建锁


def run(num):
 lock.acquire() # 加锁
 global number
 number += 1
 print(number)
 time.sleep(2)
 lock.release() # 释放锁

for i in range(10):
 t = threading.Thread(target=run, args=(i, ))
 t.start()

class MyThread1(threading.Thread):
 def __init__(self):
  threading.Thread.__init__(self)

 def run(self):
  print("thread start")
  time.sleep(3)
  print('thread end')

print('main start')
thread1 = MyThread1()
# thread1.setDaemon(True)  # 设置子线程是否跟随主线程一起结束
thread1.start()
time.sleep(1)
print('satrt join')
# thread1.join() # 使主线程阻塞，直至子线程运行完毕再继续主线程
print('end join')

def run(n):
 print('[%s]------running----\n' % n)
 time.sleep(2)
 print('--done--')


def main():
 for i in range(5):
  t = threading.Thread(target=run, args=[i,])
  t.start()
  # t.join()
  print('starting thread', t.getName())


m = threading.Thread(target=main,args=[])
# m.setDaemon(True) # 将主线程设置为Daemon线程,它退出时,其它子线程会同时退出,不管是否执行完任务
m.start()
# m.join() # 使主线程阻塞，直至子线程运行完毕再继续主线程
print("---main thread done----")

num = 100 # 设定一个共享变量
def subNum():
 global num # 在每个线程中都获取这个全局变量
 print('--get num:', num)
 time.sleep(2)
 num -= 1 # 对此公共变量进行-1操作
thread_list = []
for i in range(100):
 t = threading.Thread(target=subNum)
 t.start()
 thread_list.append(t)
for t in thread_list: # 等待所有线程执行完毕
 t.join()
print('final num:', num)

# 加锁版本
def subNum():
 global num # 在每个线程中都获取这个全局变量
 print('--get num:', num)
 time.sleep(1)
 lock.acquire() # 修改数据前加锁
 num -= 1 # 对此公共变量进行-1操作
 lock.release() # 修改后释放

num = 100 # 设定一个共享变量
thread_list = []
lock = threading.Lock() # 生成全局锁
for i in range(100):
 t = threading.Thread(target=subNum)
 t.start()
 thread_list.append(t)
for t in thread_list: # 等待所有线程执行完毕
 t.join()
print('final num:', num)

def do(event):
 print('start')
 event.wait()
 print('execute')

event_obj = threading.Event()
for i in range(10):
 t = threading.Thread(target=do, args=(event_obj,))
 t.start()

event_obj.clear()
inp = input('输入内容:')
if inp == 'true':
 event_obj.set()