./ext_skel --extname=module [--proto=file] [--stubs=file] [--xml[=file]]
           [--skel=dir] [--full-xml] [--no-help]

  --extname=module   module is the name of your extension（模块名，会在当前目录创建一个该名称子目录）
  --proto=file       file contains prototypes of functions to create（函数原型定义文件）
  --stubs=file       generate only function stubs in file
  --xml              generate xml documentation to be added to phpdoc-cvs
  --skel=dir         path to the skeleton directory(设置骨架生成的目录，不设置该项则默认在ext/extname下)
  --full-xml         generate xml documentation for a self-contained extension
                     (not yet implemented)
  --no-help          don't try to be nice and create comments in the code                     
  and helper functions to test if the module compiled (生成的代码中不显示各种帮助注释)

dnl $Id$
dnl config.m4 for extension helloworld

dnl Comments in this file start with the string 'dnl'.
dnl Remove where necessary. This file will not work
dnl without editing.

dnl If your extension references something external, use with:##指定PHP模块的工作方式，动态编译选项，如果想通过.so的方式接入扩展，请去掉前面的dnl注释PHP_ARG_WITH(helloworld, for helloworld support,
Make sure that the comment is aligned:
[  --with-helloworld             Include helloworld support])

dnl Otherwise use enable:##指定PHP模块的工作方式，静态编译选项，如果想通过enable的方式来启用，去掉dnl注释PHP_ARG_ENABLE(helloworld, whether to enable helloworld support,
Make sure that the comment is aligned:
[  --enable-helloworld           Enable helloworld support])if test "$PHP_HELLOWORLD" != "no"; then
  dnl Write more examples of tests here...

  dnl # --with-helloworld -> check with-path
  dnl SEARCH_PATH="/usr/local /usr"     # you might want to change this
  dnl SEARCH_FOR="/include/helloworld.h"  # you most likely want to change this
  dnl if test -r $PHP_HELLOWORLD/$SEARCH_FOR; then # path given as parameter
  dnl   HELLOWORLD_DIR=$PHP_HELLOWORLD
  dnl else # search default path list
  dnl   AC_MSG_CHECKING([for helloworld files in default path])
  dnl   for i in $SEARCH_PATH ; do
  dnl     if test -r $i/$SEARCH_FOR; then
  dnl       HELLOWORLD_DIR=$i
  dnl       AC_MSG_RESULT(found in $i)
  dnl     fi
  dnl   done
  dnl fi
  dnl 
  dnl if test -z "$HELLOWORLD_DIR"; then
  dnl   AC_MSG_RESULT([not found])
  dnl   AC_MSG_ERROR([Please reinstall the helloworld distribution])
  dnl fi

  dnl # --with-helloworld -> add include path
  dnl PHP_ADD_INCLUDE($HELLOWORLD_DIR/include)
  dnl # --with-helloworld -> check for lib and symbol presence
  dnl LIBNAME=helloworld # you may want to change this
  dnl LIBSYMBOL=helloworld # you most likely want to change this 

  dnl PHP_CHECK_LIBRARY($LIBNAME,$LIBSYMBOL,
  dnl [
  dnl   PHP_ADD_LIBRARY_WITH_PATH($LIBNAME, $HELLOWORLD_DIR/$PHP_LIBDIR, HELLOWORLD_SHARED_LIBADD)
  dnl   AC_DEFINE(HAVE_HELLOWORLDLIB,1,[ ])
  dnl ],[
  dnl   AC_MSG_ERROR([wrong helloworld lib version or lib not found])
  dnl ],[
  dnl   -L$HELLOWORLD_DIR/$PHP_LIBDIR -lm
  dnl ])
  dnl  ##用于说明这个扩展编译成动态链接库的形式
  dnl PHP_SUBST(HELLOWORLD_SHARED_LIBADD)  ##用于指定有哪些源文件应该被编译,文件和文件之间用空格隔开
  PHP_NEW_EXTENSION(helloworld, helloworld.c, $ext_shared)fi

#define PHP_HELLOWORLD_VERSION "0.1.0"

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

##包含头文件(引入所需要的宏、API定义等)
#include "php.h"
#include "php_ini.h"
#include "ext/standard/info.h"
#include "php_helloworld.h"

static int le_helloworld;

##PHP核心定义的一个宏，与ZEND_FUNCTION相同，用于定义扩展函数(这个函数是系统默认生成的，用于确认之用)
PHP_FUNCTION(confirm_helloworld_compiled)
{
    char *arg = NULL;
    int arg_len, len;
    char *strg;

    if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "s", &arg, &arg_len) == FAILURE) {
        return;
    }

    len = spprintf(&strg, 0, "Congratulations! You have successfully modified ext/%.78s/config.m4. Module %.78s is now compiled into PHP.", "helloworld", arg);
    RETURN_STRINGL(strg, len, 0);
}

##定义PHP中可以调用的函数
PHP_FUNCTION(helloworld) {
    php_printf("Hello World!\n");
    RETURN_TRUE;
}

##初始化module时运行
PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION(helloworld)
{
    /* If you have INI entries, uncomment these lines 
    REGISTER_INI_ENTRIES();
    */
    return SUCCESS;
}

##当module被卸载时运行
PHP_MSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(helloworld)
{
    /* uncomment this line if you have INI entries
    UNREGISTER_INI_ENTRIES();
    */
    return SUCCESS;
}

##当一个REQUEST请求初始化时运行
PHP_RINIT_FUNCTION(helloworld)
{
    return SUCCESS;
}

##当一个REQUEST请求结束时运行
PHP_RSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(helloworld)
{
    return SUCCESS;
}

##声明模块信息函数,即可以在phpinfo看到的信息
PHP_MINFO_FUNCTION(helloworld)
{
    php_info_print_table_start();
    php_info_print_table_header(2, "helloworld support", "enabled");
    php_info_print_table_end();

    /* Remove comments if you have entries in php.ini
    DISPLAY_INI_ENTRIES();
    */
}

##声明（引入）Zend（PHP）函数块
const zend_function_entry helloworld_functions[] = {
    PHP_FE(confirm_helloworld_compiled, NULL)       /* For testing, remove later. */
    ##上一讲中就是在这里添加了自己定义的函数模块
    PHP_FE(helloworld,  NULL)       /*  */
    ##zend引擎认为结束的标记，老版本的是“{NULL,NULL,NULL}”，后面PHP源代码直接定义了个宏PHP_FE_END，这里就直接用这个了。虽然都一个意思但看过去爽多了
    ##如果遇到PHP_FE_END未定义undefine的问题，请见附录1
    PHP_FE_END  /* Must be the last line in helloworld_functions[] */
};

##声明 Zend模块,是不是感觉下面的模块名字很熟悉，对的，就是前文讲到的PHP流程中会用到的，现在懂了为什么要先讲流程了吧～
zend_module_entry helloworld_module_entry = {
    STANDARD_MODULE_HEADER,
    "helloworld",
    helloworld_functions,
    PHP_MINIT(helloworld),
    PHP_MSHUTDOWN(helloworld),
    PHP_RINIT(helloworld),      /* Replace with NULL if there's nothing to do at request start */
    PHP_RSHUTDOWN(helloworld),  /* Replace with NULL if there's nothing to do at request end */
    PHP_MINFO(helloworld),
    PHP_HELLOWORLD_VERSION,
    STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES
};

##实现get_module()函数
#ifdef COMPILE_DL_HELLOWORLD
ZEND_GET_MODULE(helloworld)
#endif

#define PHP_FUNCTION            ZEND_FUNCTION

# sed -i 's|PHP_FE_END|{NULL,NULL,NULL}|' ./ext/**/*.c
# sed -i 's|ZEND_MOD_END|{NULL,NULL,NULL}|' ./ext/**/*.c