PHP オブジェクト指向におけるカプセル化、継承、ポリモーフィズムの 3 つの主要な特性の詳細な例

<?php 
class Person{ 
public $name; 
protected $age; 
private $salary; 
function construct($name,$age,$salary){ 
$this->name=$name; 
$this->age=$age; 
$this->salary=$salary; 
} 
public function showinfo(){ 
//这表示三个修饰符都可以在本类内部使用 
echo $this->name."||".$this->age."||".$this->salary; 
} 
} 
$p1=new Person(&#39;张三&#39;,20,3000); 
//这里属于类外部，那么如果用下面的方法访问age和salary都会报错 
// echo $p1->age; echo$p1->salary; 
?>

public function setxxxx($val){ 
$this->xxxx=$val; 
} 
public function getxxxx(){ 
return $this->xxxx; 
}

public function getsalary(){ 
return $this->salary; //扩展：这里可以调用一些方法，如判断用户名等，正确才给访问 
}

<?php 
class testa{ 
protected $name; 
//使用set()来管理所有属性 
public function set($pro_name,$pro_val){ 
//上面$pro_name和$pro_val可自定义 
//下面$this->pro_name为既定，不可更改 
$this->pro_name=$pro_val; 
} 
//使用get()来获取所有属性值 
public function get($pro_name){ 
if(isset($pro_name)){ 
return $this->pro_name; 
} else { 
return null; 
} 
} 
} 
$n1=new testa(); 
//正常情况，类外部是不能访问protected属性的，但是用了上面的方法就可以对它们进行操作 
$n1->name=&#39;小三&#39;; 
echo $n1->name; 
?>

<?php 
class Pupil{ 
public $name; 
protected $age; 
public function getinfo(){ 
echo $this->name.&#39;||&#39;.$this->age; 
} 
public function testing(){ 
echo &#39;this is pupil&#39;; 
} 
} 
class Graduate{ 
public $name; 
protected $age; 
public function getinfo(){ 
echo $this->name.&#39;||&#39;.$this->age; 
} 
public function testing(){ 
echo &#39;this is Graduate&#39;; 
} 
} 
?>

<?php 
class Students{ 
public $name; 
public $age; 
public function construct($name,$age){ 
$this->name=$name; 
$this->age=$age; 
} 
public function showinfo(){ 
echo $this->name.&#39;||&#39;.$this->age; 
} 
} 
class Pupil extends Students{ 
function testing(){ 
echo &#39;Pupil &#39;.$this->name.&#39; is testing&#39;; 
} 
} 
class Graduate extends Students{ 
function testing(){ 
echo &#39;Graduate &#39;.$this->name.&#39; is testing&#39;; 
} 
} 
$stu1=new Pupil(&#39;张三&#39;,20); 
$stu1->showinfo(); 
echo &#39;<br/>&#39;; 
$stu1->testing(); 
?>

<?php 
class A{ 
public $name=&#39;AAA&#39;; 
} 
class B extends A{ 
public $age=30; 
} 
class C extends B{} 
$p=new C(); 
echo $p->name;//这里会输出AAA 
?>

class A{ 
public function construct(){ 
echo 'A'; 
} 
} 
class B extends A{ 
public function construct(){ 
echo 'B'; 
} 
} 
$b=new B();//这里会优先输出B中的构造方法，如果B中没有构造方法才会输出A中的

<?php 
class Animal{ 
public $name; 
public $price; 
function cry(){ 
echo &#39;i don\&#39;t know&#39;; 
} 
} 
class Dog extends Animal{ 
//覆盖、重写 
function cry(){ 
echo &#39;Wang Wang!&#39;; 
Animal::cry();//这里不会报错，能正确执行父类的cry(); 
} 
} 
$dog1=new Dog(); 
$dog1->cry(); 
?>

<?php 
class A{ 
function test1($p){ 
echo &#39;test1<br/>&#39;; 
} 
function test2($p){ 
echo &#39;test2<br/>&#39;; 
} 
function call($method,$p){ 
//这里$p为数组，上面两个变量名可自定义 
if($method == &#39;test&#39;){ 
if(count($p)==1){ 
$this->test1($p); 
} else if(count($p)==2){ 
$this->test2($p); 
} 
} 
} 
} 
$a=new A(); 
$a->test(5); 
$a->test(3,5); 
?>