Java マルチスレッド プログラミングの読み取り/書き込みロック ReadWriteLock の使用例

package com.ljq.test.thread;
  
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
  
/**
 * 读写锁
 *
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class ReadWriteLockTest {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    final ReadWrite rw = new ReadWrite();
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
      new Thread() {
        public void run() {
          while (true) {
            rw.read();
          }
        }
  
      }.start();
  
      new Thread() {
        public void run() {
          while (true) {
            rw.write(new Random().nextInt(10000));
          }
        }
  
      }.start();
    }
  
  }
}
  
/**
 * 读和写要互斥，因此要把它们放在同一个类中
 *
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
class ReadWrite {
  private Object data = null;//共享数据，只能有一个线程写该数据，但可以有多个线程同时读该数据。
  ReadWriteLock rwl = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
  
  /**
   * 读数据
   */
  public void read() {
      
    rwl.readLock().lock();
    try {
      System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " be ready to read data!");
      Thread.sleep((long) (Math.random() * 1000));
      System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "have read data :" + data);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
      rwl.readLock().unlock();
    }
      
  }
  
  /**
   * 写数据
   *
   * @param data
   */
  public void write(Object data) {
      
    rwl.writeLock().lock();
    try {
      System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " be ready to write data!");
      Thread.sleep((long) (Math.random() * 1000));
      this.data = data;
      System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " have write data: " + data);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
      rwl.writeLock().unlock();
    }
  
  }
}

package com.ljq.test.thread;
  
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
  
/**
 * 设计一个缓存系统
 *
 *
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class CacheDemo {
  
  private Map<String, Object> cache = new HashMap<String, Object>();
  
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    String key = "name";
    CacheDemo cacheDemo = new CacheDemo();
    System.out.println(cacheDemo.getData(key)); //从数据库获取数据
    System.out.println(cacheDemo.getData(key)); //从缓存获取数据
    System.out.println(cacheDemo.getData(key)); //从缓存获取数据
  }
  
  private ReadWriteLock rwl = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
  
  public Object getData(String key) {
    rwl.readLock().lock(); //上读锁
    Object value = null;
    try {
      value = cache.get(key); //先查询内部存储器中有没有要的值
      if (value == null) { //如果没有，就去数据库中查询，并将查到的结果存入内部存储器中
        //释放读锁、上写锁
        rwl.readLock().unlock();
        rwl.writeLock().lock();
        try {
          if (value == null) { //再次进行判断，防止多个写线程堵在这个地方重复写
            System.out.println("read data from database");
            value = "张三";
            cache.put(key, value);
          }
        } finally {
          //设置完成 释放写锁
          rwl.writeLock().unlock();
        }
        //恢复读写状态
        rwl.readLock().lock();
      }else{
        System.out.println("read data from cache");
      }
    } finally {
      rwl.readLock().unlock(); //释放读锁
    }
    return value;
  }
}