より良い履歴分析のための高度なGitログフォーマット

Use git log --pretty=format:"%h | %an | %ar | %s" to create a clean, structured output showing short hash, author, relative date, and commit message, adding %d to display branch or tag names for better context on merges and releases; 2. Filter history by time and author using --since, --author, and --oneline to identify recent activity, spot work patterns, and analyze team behavior; 3. Add --stat or --name-only to reveal file changes per commit, helping assess change scope, track bug origins, and review multi-file refactors; 4. Enable --graph with --all and custom formatting to visualize branch topology, merge points, and feature flow, aiding in understanding complex histories and onboarding; Bonus: Define a reusable alias like analyze in .gitconfig to streamline access to rich, color-coded log views that transform raw Git data into actionable project insights, making history analysis efficient and informative.

When you're diving into Git history—not just to see what changed, but why and how—the default git log output often falls short. That’s where advanced formatting comes in. With a few smart tweaks, you can turn a wall of cryptic hashes into a readable, actionable timeline that reveals patterns, ownership, and even team behavior.

Here’s how to make git log work harder for real history analysis:

?️ 1. Use Custom --pretty=format: for Structured Output

Instead of the default verbose format, build your own with placeholders:

git log --pretty=format:"%h | %an | %ar | %s"

This gives you:

• %h → Short hash (clean and scannable)
• %an → Author name (who made the change)
• %ar → Relative date (“2 days ago”)
• %s → Subject line (the commit message)

? Pro tip: Add %d to show branch or tag names (like (HEAD -> main, tag: v1.2)), which is gold when analyzing merges or releases.

Example:

a1b2c3d | Alice Chen | 3 hours ago | Fix login timeout bug (HEAD -> main)
e4f5g6h | Bob Lee    | 2 days ago  | Add user profile validation

? 2. Analyze by Time or Author with --since, --author, and --oneline

Want to see what a specific person did this week?

git log --since="1 week ago" --author="Alice" --oneline

Or track activity spikes:

git log --since="last Monday" --pretty=format:"%ad | %an" --date=short

This helps spot:

• Who’s active vs. idle
• When features were rushed (e.g., Friday night commits)
• Whether work is evenly distributed

? 3. Show File Changes Per Commit for Context

Use --stat or --name-only to see which files were touched:

git log --pretty=format:"%h %s" --stat

Output:

a1b2c3d Fix login timeout
 src/auth.js | 5 +++--
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

This is crucial for:

• Understanding scope creep
• Finding where bugs might have spread
• Reviewing refactors across multiple files

? 4. Visualize Branch Merges with --graph

For complex histories (like feature branches, hotfixes, or CI/CD pipelines):

git log --graph --pretty=format:"%h %d %s" --abbrev-commit --all

You’ll get an ASCII graph showing:

• Merge points
• Divergent branches
• Which commits belong to which feature

Great for post-mortems or onboarding new devs to a repo’s flow.

Bonus: Save Your Favorite Format as an Alias

In your .gitconfig:

[alias]
  analyze = log --graph --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset %Cgreen%an%Creset | %ar | %s%C(yellow)%d%Creset' --abbrev-commit --date=relative

Now just run:

git analyze

And you get color-coded, human-friendly history every time.

These aren’t just cosmetic—they turn Git from a version tracker into a project intelligence tool. Whether you're debugging, auditing, or planning sprints, better log formatting makes history useful, not just recorded.

Basically, it’s not magic—it’s just knowing which knobs to turn.

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