PostgreSQL ウィンドウ関数はどのようにして行を比較し、隣接するデータのパターンを特定できるのでしょうか?

SELECT random_number
FROM (
  SELECT random_number,
         lag(random_number, 1) OVER w AS previous_number,
         lead(random_number, 1) OVER w AS next_number
  FROM table_name
  WINDOW w AS (PARTITION BY position ORDER BY position)
) subquery
WHERE random_number % 2 = 1
  AND previous_number % 2 = 0
  AND next_number % 2 = 0;

SELECT text
FROM (
  SELECT text,
         category,
         lag(category, 1) OVER w AS previous_category,
         lead(category, 1) OVER w AS next_category
  FROM token
  JOIN text_block_has_token ON token_id = id
  WINDOW w AS (PARTITION BY text_block_id, sentence ORDER BY position)
) subquery
WHERE category <> 'NAME'
  AND previous_category = 'NAME'
  AND next_category = 'NAME';