C が整数のゼロ除算で例外をスローしないのはなぜですか?また、それをどのように処理すればよいでしょうか?

#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>

// Integer division, catching divide by zero.
inline int intDivEx(int numerator, int denominator) {
    if (denominator == 0)
        throw std::overflow_error("Divide by zero exception");
    return numerator / denominator;
}

int main() {
    int i = 42;

    try {
        i = intDivEx(10, 0);
    } catch (std::overflow_error &amp;e) {
        std::cout << e.what() << " -> " << i << std::endl;
    }
    std::cout << i << std::endl;

    try {
        i = intDivEx(10, 2);
    } catch (std::overflow_error &amp;e) {
        std::cout << e.what() << " -> " << i << std::endl;
    }
    std::cout << i << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

Divide by zero exception -> 42
5