How to create a sticky footer with Bootstrap?
Use Bootstrap's Flexbox class to create a sticky footer: by adding d-flex flex-column min-vh-100 to the body, flex-grow-1 to the main, and mt-auto to the footer, the footer will be fixed at the bottom of the window when the content is short, and will naturally push down when the content is long.

A sticky footer in Bootstrap stays at the bottom of the viewport when the content is short, and pushes down naturally when the content is long. To achieve this, you need a combination of CSS and proper HTML structure. Here's how to do it effectively.
Use Flexbox with Bootstrap's Built-in Classes
Bootstrap 5 (and 4) are built on Flexbox, which makes creating a sticky footer straightforward. Wrap your entire page in a flex container that takes at least full height of the viewport.
Add the following structure:
This works because:
- min-vh-100 ensures the body is at least as tall as the viewport.
- d-flex flex-column sets up a vertical flex layout.
- flex-grow-1 on main makes it absorb available space, pushing the footer down.
- mt-auto on the footer pushes it to the bottom via automatic margin.
Custom CSS (Optional for More Control)
If you need more control or aren't using Bootstrap's classes directly, add minimal CSS:
html, body {height: 100%;
}
body {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
min-height: 100vh;
}
main {
flex: 1;
}
Then apply class="main" or use the semantic
Ensure Proper Placement and Styling
Keep the footer outside any container that limits height. Avoid setting fixed heights on main content unless necessary. Style the footer as needed—background, padding, text alignment—but don't interfere with its flex behavior.
Example:
Basically, use Bootstrap's flex utilities with min-vh-100 and flex-grow-1. It's clean, responsive, and requires no JavaScript.
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