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Table of Contents
Use the Default 12-Column Grid Effectively
Customize the Grid via Sass (Advanced)
Create Unequal or Offset Layouts Without Changing Column Count
Home Web Front-end Bootstrap Tutorial How to change the number of columns in the Bootstrap grid?

How to change the number of columns in the Bootstrap grid?

Oct 29, 2025 am 06:14 AM

The answer is: Bootstrap uses a 12-column grid system by default. Different layouts can be achieved by adjusting column span classes such as col-md-4 without changing the total number of columns. If you need to customize the number of columns, you can modify the Sass variable $grid-columns and recompile the CSS.

How to change the number of columns in the Bootstrap grid?

To change the number of columns in the Bootstrap grid, you need to understand how Bootstrap's default 12-column system works and whether you want to customize it. By default, Bootstrap uses a 12-column grid layout across all screen sizes. You can't directly "change" the total number of columns without modifying or recompiling Bootstrap's source code — but you don't usually need to. Here's how to work with or around this system.

Use the Default 12-Column Grid Effectively

Bootstrap is built on a 12-column foundation. Instead of changing the column count, adjust how many columns your content spans using predefined classes.

  • .col- : Extra small (default)
  • .col-sm- : Small screens and up
  • .col-md- : Medium screens and up
  • .col-lg- : Large screens and up
  • .col-xl- : Extra large screens and up

For example, to create a 3-column layout:


Column 1

Column 2

Column 3

Customize the Grid via Sass (Advanced)

If you really need a different base number of columns (eg, 16 or 24), you must modify Bootstrap's Sass variables before compiling.

Change the $grid-columns variable in your Sass settings:

$grid-columns: 16;

After adjusting this, recompile Bootstrap's CSS. This will generate a custom grid where each row divides into 16 columns instead of 12. Note that this requires using Bootstrap's source files (via npm or download) and a build process with a Sass compiler.

Create Unequal or Offset Layouts Without Changing Column Count

You can achieve flexible designs by combining different column widths, offsets, and nesting – all within the 12-column system.

Example: A main content area and sidebar


Main Content

Sidebar

You can also use .offset-md-* to add spacing or nested rows for more complex structures.

Basically, you don't need to change the number of columns in most cases. The 12-column grid is flexible enough for nearly any layout. If you do require a different structure, customize Bootstrap using Sass. Otherwise, just adjust your column classes to fit your design needs.

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