Introduction à plusieurs méthodes d'héritage dans javascript_Basic Knowledge

function Parent(){
    this.name='mike';
  }
  function Child(){
    this.age=12;
  }
  //儿子继承父亲（原型链）
  Child.prototype=new Parent();//Child继承Parent，通过原型形成链条
  var test=new Child();
  console.log(test.age);
  console.log(test.name);//得到被继承的属性
  //孙子继续原型链继承儿子
  function Brother(){
    this.weight=60;
  }
  Brother.prototype=new Child();//继承原型链继承
  var brother=new Brother();
  console.log(brother.name);//继承了Parent和Child，弹出mike
  console.log(brother.age);//12

  console.log(brother instanceof Child);//ture
  console.log(brother instanceof Parent);//ture
  console.log(brother instanceof Object);//ture

function Parent(age){
    this.name=['mike','jack','smith'];
    this.age=age;
  }
  function Child(age){
    Parent.call(this,age);//把this指向Parent,同时还可以传递参数
  }
  var test=new Child(21);
  console.log(test.age);//21
  console.log(test.name);

  test.name.push('bill');
  console.log(test.name);//mike,jack,smith,bill

function Parent(age){
    this.name=['mike','jack','smith'];
    this.age=age;
  }
  Parent.prototype.run=function(){
    return this.name+' are both '+this.age;
  }
  function Child(age){
    Parent.call(this,age);//给超类型传参，第二次调用
  }
  Child.prototype=new Parent();//原型链继承，第一次调用
  var test1=new Child(21);//写new Parent(21)也行
  console.log(test1.run());//mike,jack,smith are both 21

  var test2=new Child(22);
  console.log(test2.age);
  console.log(test1.age);
  console.log(test2.run());
  //这样可以使test1和test2分别拥有自己的属性age同时又可以有run方法

function object(o){
    function F(){};
    F.prototype=o;
    return new F();
  }
  var person={
    name:'nicho',
    friends:['shell','jim','lucy']
  }
  var anotherPerson = object(person);
  anotherPerson.name = 'Greg';
  anotherPerson.friends.push('Rob');
  console.log(anotherPerson.friends);//["shell", "jim", "lucy", "Rob"]

  var yetAnotherPerson = object(person);
  yetAnotherPerson.name = 'Linda';
  yetAnotherPerson.friends.push('Barbie');
  console.log(yetAnotherPerson.friends);//["shell", "jim", "lucy", "Rob", "Barbie"]

  console.log(person.friends);//["shell", "jim", "lucy", "Rob", "Barbie"]

var person2={
    name:'nicho',
    friends:['shell','jim','lucy']
  };
  var anoP2=Object.create(person2);
  anoP2.name="Greg";
  anoP2.friends.push('Rob');
  console.log(anoP2.friends);//["shell", "jim", "lucy", "Rob"]

  var yetP2=Object.create(person2);
  yetP2.name="Linda";
  yetP2.friends.push('Barbie');
  console.log(yetP2.friends);//["shell", "jim", "lucy", "Rob", "Barbie"]

  console.log(person2.friends);//["shell", "jim", "lucy", "Rob", "Barbie"]
  /*以这种方式指定的任何属性都会覆盖原型对象上的同名属性。*/
  var threeP=Object.create(person,{
    name:{value:'red'}
  });
  console.log(threeP.name);//red,如果threeP中无name则输出person2里的name值nicho

function object(o){
    function F(){};
    F.prototype=o;
    return new F();
  };
  function createAnother(o){
    var cl=object(o);
    cl.sayHi=function(){
      console.log('hi');
    }
    return cl;
  };
  var person={
    name:'nick',
    friends:['shelby','court','van']
  }
  var anotherPerson=createAnother(person);
  anotherPerson.sayHi();//hi
  console.log(anotherPerson.name);//nick
  console.log(anotherPerson.friends);//["shelby", "court", "van"]

  /*这个例子中的代码基于 person 返回了一个新对象—— anotherPerson 。 新对象不仅具有 person
   的所有属性和方法，而且还有自己的 sayHi() 方法*/

function SuperType(name){
    this.name=name;
    this.colors=['red','blue','green'];
  }
  SuperType.prototype.sayName=function(){
    console.log(this.name);
  }
  function SubType(name,age){
    SuperType.call(this,name);
    this.age=age;
  }
  function object(o){
    function F(){};
    F.prototype=o;
    return new F();
  };
  /*inheritPrototype此函数第一步是创建超类型原型的一个副本。第二步是为创建的副本添加constructor属性，
  * 从而弥补因重写原型而失去的默认的constructor属性，第三步将新创建的对象（副本）赋值给子类型的原型*/
  function inheritPrototype(subType,superType){
    var prototype=object(superType.prototype);//创建对象
    prototype.constructor=subType;//增强对象
    subType.prototype=prototype;//指定对象
  }
  inheritPrototype(SubType,SuperType);
  SubType.prototype.sayAge=function(){
    console.log(this.age);
  }

  var p=new SubType('xiaoli',24);
  console.log(p.sayName());
  console.log(p.sayAge());
  console.log(p.colors)