Dépannage des problèmes de démarrage des PC courants

1.检查电源连接、测试电源、检查电源按钮、查看主板LED；2.进入安全模式、检查磁盘健康、运行启动修复、卸载最近更新；3.清除CMOS、重插内存和显卡、断开非必要硬件；4.检查过热、测试内存、查看事件查看器、修复系统文件。按步骤排查可快速解决多数PC无法启动问题，无需更换硬件即可恢复正常启动，问题通常源于配置错误或软件损坏。

When your PC won’t boot properly, it can be frustrating—but most issues have clear causes and fixes. Here’s how to troubleshoot the most common PC booting problems, step by step.

1. "No Power" or Black Screen on Startup

If pressing the power button does nothing or the screen stays black:

• ✅ Check power connections: Make sure the power cable is securely plugged into both the wall outlet and the PSU (Power Supply Unit). Try a different cable or outlet if possible.
• ✅ Test the PSU: If the fans don’t spin and LEDs don’t light up, the PSU might be dead. Swap it with a known-good one if available.
• ✅ Inspect the power button: Sometimes the case’s power switch fails. You can test this by shorting the two pins on the motherboard’s power header with a screwdriver (briefly touch them together—like a quick tap).
• ✅ Look for LED indicators: Many motherboards have small LEDs near the RAM or CPU that light up if there’s a hardware fault (check your motherboard manual for meanings).

2. PC Turns On But Won’t Boot to Windows (Stuck on Logo or Spinning Dots)

This usually points to software or drive issues:

• ? Boot into Safe Mode: Restart and hold Shift while clicking “Restart” from the login screen (or spam F8/F11 during boot on older systems). Safe Mode loads minimal drivers—great for diagnosing software conflicts.
• ? Check disk health: Run chkdsk C: /f /r from Command Prompt (Admin) to scan for disk errors.
• ? Run Startup Repair: Use a Windows USB installer → “Repair your computer” → Troubleshoot → Startup Repair.
• ? Recent updates or drivers? Uninstall recent Windows updates or drivers in Safe Mode—they’re often the culprit.

3. BIOS/UEFI Doesn’t Load (No POST)

If the system powers on but never reaches the BIOS screen:

• ? Clear CMOS: Reset BIOS settings by removing the CMOS battery for 5 minutes or using the jumper on the motherboard (see manual).
• ? Reseat RAM and GPU: Remove and reinsert RAM sticks and graphics card—loose components are a top cause of no POST.
• ? Disconnect non-essential hardware: Unplug extra drives, USB devices, and peripherals. Boot with just CPU, one RAM stick, and integrated graphics (if available).

4. Rebooting in a Loop or Crashing During Boot

This could be hardware or OS corruption:

• ? Check for overheating: Dusty fans or dried thermal paste can cause thermal shutdowns. Clean fans and reapply paste if needed.
• ? Test RAM: Use Windows Memory Diagnostic or MemTest86 to check for bad RAM.
• ?️ Check Event Viewer: If you can get into Windows briefly, open Event Viewer → Windows Logs → System to see critical errors around boot time.
• ? Corrupt system files? Run sfc /scannow and DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth in Command Prompt (Admin).

Pro Tip:
Keep a bootable USB with tools like:

• Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE)
• MemTest86
• Hiren’s BootCD PE
  These can save hours when your system won’t even start.

Most boot issues aren’t hardware failures—they’re misconfigurations, failing drives, or corrupt software. Start simple, eliminate possibilities one by one, and you’ll usually find the fix fast.
Basically, it’s methodical, not magic.

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